'vjENUS I. 



VIOLET FAMILY. 



553 



1 8. Viola sagittata Ait. Arrow-leaved \'iolet. 

 Fig. 2940. 



J'iola sagittata Ait. Hort. Kew. 3: 287. 1789. 



Usually glabrous, but the leaves often ciliate or finely pu- 

 bescent throughout ; petioles commonly longer than the blades ; 

 these lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, becoming ii'-4' long, 

 cordate to truncate, obtuse or acute, distantly and obscurely 

 toothed above the middle, hastately or sagittately toothed or 

 cleft at the base; the earliest leaves and those produced in 

 late summer often deltoid-ovate, obtuse, merely crenate at the 

 base ; flowers on peduncles as long as the leaves, or somewhat 

 longer ; corolla violet-purple ; sepais narrowly lanceolate, acute, 

 glabrous ; capsules 4"-7" long, containing 50-70 brown seeds. 



Moist banks and wet meadows, Massachusetts to Minnesota, 

 south to Georgia and Louisiana. The pubescent form, frequently 

 found in the East, is the prevalent form in the region of the Great 

 Lakes. Early blue, spade-leaf or sand-violet. April-May. 



19. Viola emarginata ( Xutt.) Le Conte. 

 Triangle-leaved \ iolet. Fig. 2941. 



r. sagittata var. emarginata Nutt. Gen. i : 147. 1818. 

 I', emarginata Le Conte, Ann. Lye. N.Y.2 : 142. 1826. 



Glabrous, succulent, frequently cespitose ; root- 

 stock stout; petioles generally much longer than 

 the blades ; blades at petalif erous flowering nar- 

 rowly ovate or triangular, subcordate, f'-iA' long; 

 those of later leaves broadly ovate or deltoid, 

 ii'-3i' wide when mature, often no longer than 

 broad, the base subcordate or truncate, often 

 decurrent, obscurely crenate-serrate above the 

 tniddle, coarsely toothed or incised below; corolla 

 violet-blue, the petals sometimes emarginate ; 

 cleistogamous capsules ellipsoid, 4"-7" long, on 

 erect peduncles somewhat shorter than the leaves ; 

 seeds brown. 



Dry woods and hillsides, southern New York, south 

 to northern Georgia and west to Oklahoma. \'ar. 

 acutiloba Brainerd has the blades of mature leaves 5-cleft or 5-parted. the middle lobe long lan- 

 ceolate, the lateral much shorter and narrower, the basal lunate with the outer margin coarsely 

 sinuate-toothed. Staten Island, N. Y., and District of Columbia. April-May. 



20. Viola pectinata Bicknell. Cut-leaved 

 Violet. Fig. 2942. 



Viola pectinata Bicknell, Torreya 4: 129. 1904, 



Plant from short erect rootstock, glabrous except 

 sparsely hirtellous on the margins and veins of 

 leaves; blades at petaliferous flowering narrowly 

 ovate-deltoid, about li' long and I' wide, subcor- 

 date, sharply dentate; blades of mature leaves in 

 summer widely ovate-deltoid, commonly 2' long and 

 2*'-.'?i' wide, the base truncate or nearly so, often 

 decurrent, the apex acuminate, the margin closely 

 and deeply dentate below the middle, or often pecti- 

 nate with linear acute entire lobes ; flowers on pe- 

 duncles about the length of the leaves; petals deep 

 violet, white at the base, the three low^er villous- 

 bearded, all often with scattered hairs; sepals nar- 

 rowlv lanceolate, with rather long auricles ; capsules 

 ovoid-cylindric, often 7" long; seeds bufi^, about J" 

 long. 



Low meadows, along the coast, eastern Massachusetts 

 to Marvland. In all known stations growing with I'iola 

 Briltoniana. which it closely resembles except in leaf-outline. May-.Iune, 



