Genus 34. 



CARROT FAMILY. 



647 



I. Coriandrum sativum L. Coriander. Fig. 3150. 



Coriandrum sativum L. Sp. PI .256, 175J- 



Erect, 2 high or less. Lower leaves pinnately 

 divided, their segments broad, ovate to obovate, 

 variously toothed and cleft ; upper leaves pinnately 

 decompound, with narrowly linear segments ; flower- 

 ing umbels i'-2' broad, the rays slender; pedicels 

 I "-2" long; involucel-bracts deciduous; fruit about 

 2" long and thick, its acutish ribs narrower than 

 the intervals between them. 



Waste grounds, eastern Massachusetts to Pennsylva- 

 nia and North Carolina ; South Dakota, and in the West- 

 ern States. Adventive from the Old World. May-July. 



Bifora americana (DC.) S, Wats., of the southwest, 

 an annual with finely dissected leaves, the characteristic 

 fruit composed of two nearly separated subglobose car- 

 pels, has been recorded from Missouri, but is not defi- 

 nitely known to grow north of Arkansas. 



Bifora radians Bieb.. of southern Europe, with larger 

 wrinkled fruit, has been collected on ballast and waste 

 grounds in Rhode Island and Pennsylvania. 



35. LIGUSTICUM L. Sp. PI. 250. 1753. 



[Levisticum Hill, Brit. Herb. 410. 1756.] 

 Perennial glabrous usually branching herbs, with aromatic roots, ternately compound 

 leaves, and large compound umbels of white flowers. Involucre of several narrow mostly 

 deciduous bracts or wanting. Involucels of numerous linear bracts. Calyx-teeth obsolete. 

 Stylopodium conic. Fruit oblong or ovoid, scarcely flattened. Carpels dorsally compressed, 

 the ribs prominent, acute, separated by broad intervals ; oil-tubes 2-6 in the intervals, several 

 on the connnissural side. Seed-face flat or slightly concave. [Named from Liguria, where 

 Lovage abounds.] 



About 20 species, natives of the northern hemisphere. Besides the following, some 7 others 

 occur in western North America. Type species: Ligusticum scolicum L. 



Leaves thin ; fruit ovoid ; southern species. i. L. canadense. 



I^eaves fleshy ; fruit oblong ; northern sea-coast species. 2. L. scoticiim. 



I. Ligusticum canadense (L.) Britton. Nondo. Angelico. Fig. 3151. 



Ferula canadensis L. Sp. PI. 247. 1753. 



Ligusticum canadense Britton, Mem. Torr. Club 

 5 : 240. 1894. 



Stout, erect, much branched above, 2-6 

 high.' Leaves thin, those of the stem sessile 

 or nearly so, the lower and basal petioled, 

 often 1 wide, their primary divisions ternate, 

 the secondary ternate or pinnate ; segments 

 ovate, or oval, li'-J' long, acute at the apex, 

 rounded at the base, coarsely and sharply ser- 

 rate, or those of the uppermost leaves linear- 

 lanceolate and entire; umbels mostly twice 

 compound, sometimes 10' broad; bracts of the 

 involucre 2-6, linear ; bracts of the involucels 

 several; pedicels i"-2" long in fruit; fruit 

 ovoid. 2"-,3" long with proininent slightly 

 winged ribs ; oil-tubes 3-4 in the intervals ; 

 seed angled on the back. 



In rich woods, southern Pennsylvania to Geor- 

 gia, Missouri and Kentucky. Ascends to 4000 ft. in North Carolina. June-Aug. 



