40 TILIA ErROP.YA. 



planted in a dry soil. It unfolds its leaves at Naples at the end of Marcli : in 

 England in the middle of April : and at Tjisula. in Sweden, and at New York, 

 about the tirst of May. At the two last-named places it loses its leaves early in 

 autumn, while at Naples it remains in full foliage during November. In Holland, 

 where the linden abounds, the whole country, during the months of July and 

 August, is pertumed by the fragrance of its flowers. 



V(irie/ies. 'The extensive distribution." says Loudon, '-and long cultivation 

 of this tree in Europe, have given rise to the following races or varieties, de- 

 scribed by De CandoUe, and others, as species; from which high amhority, it 

 may be considered presumption in us to ditfer: but we have not done so without 

 due consideration, and after having examined the living plants of difl'erent ages 

 and in difl'erent situations, with the greatest care and attention.'' 



1. T. E. MicKOPHYLLA. Loudou. Small-haved Eio'opeati Lhne-tree. in England; 

 TUhiil a petites feiiiUcs. in France : and Kleiiibhittris^e L'uide. or Wnitcrlinde. 

 in Germany. The petals of this variety are without scales : the leaves cordate, 

 roundish, acuminated, sharply serrated, smooth above, glaucous, and bearded 

 beneath on the axils of the veins, as well as in hairy blotches ; the fruit is rather 

 globose, hardly ribbed, very thin and brittle. This variety is distinguishable, at 

 first sight, from all others, by the smallness of its leaves, which are onlv two 

 inches broad, and sometimes scarcely longer than their slender footstalks. The 

 flowers are also much smaller than in any of the other varieties ; and they are 

 very fragrant, having a scent like those of the honeysuckle. This appears to be 

 the linden-tree of Gerard, the timber of which, he says, "is much harder and 

 more knotty, and more yellow, than the timber of the other sort ; and not very 

 difl'erent from the timber of the elm-tree." In Worcestershire, England, between 

 Horford and Ombersley. there is a tree of this variety estimated at upwards of 

 three hundred years of age, which is seventy feet high, with a circumference 

 of thirt}' feet, at three yards above the ground. 



2. T. E. PLATYPHVLLA, Loudoii. Broad-leaved European Lime-tree^ in Eng- 

 land : Tilleid a grcnides feuilles. or TiUeul de HoUande. in France. The 

 petals of this variety are without scales ; the leaves cordate, roundish, acumi- 

 nated, sharply serrated, dow^ly beneath, origin of their veins w^oolly : branches 

 hairy: cymes three-flowered; fruit woody, downy, turbinate, with five promi- 

 nent angles. This tree can readily be distina:uished by its large, rough leaves, 

 and also by its rough bark, and hispid branches. At Syon, near London, there 

 is a tree of this variety, supposed to have been planted about ninety years, and is 

 nearly eighty feet high. 



3. T. E. RUBRA, Loudon. Red-Ucrgged European Lhne-tree. This variety is 

 distinguished by the redness of its young branches, and it may be properly con- 

 sidered as a sub-variety of the two preceding. In Sweden, where linden woods 

 extend over the low^ parts of the country for many miles together, the common 

 lime-tree is met w^ith. in some places, perhaps, for a mile together, with the 

 twigs bright red, yellow in some, and in others quite green : from which we 

 may infer that there is also a yellow-twigged variety, or sub-variety. Several 

 similar coincidences occur in England among the cultivated varieties. 



4. T. E. LACixiATA. Loudoii. Cut-leoved European Lime-tree. The leaves of 

 this variety are smaller than those of the common species, and deeply and irreg- 

 ularly cut and twisted, scarcely two on the tree being alike. This variety sel- 

 dom, if ever, exceeds thirty feet in height. 



5. T. E. AUREA, Loudon. Golden-twig ged European Lime-tree. This variety 

 difl"ers from the common lime-tree in the yellowness of its twigs ; and, apparently, 

 is not so vigorous in its growth as any of the other varieties, except the T. e. 

 laciniata. 



6. T. E. PLATYPHVLLA AUREA. Golden-ticigged Broad-leaved European Lime- 



