Ulrmis ccwipesfris, 



THE EUROPEAN OR FIELD ELM. 



Synonymes. 



Ulmus campestris, 



Orme champetre, Orme des champs, 

 Orme blanc, Ormeau, Ormille, Arbre 

 a pauvre homme, 



Landlicher Ulmenbaum, Ulme, Ruster, 



Olmo, Olmo pirainidale, 



English Elm, Field Elm, Common Small- 

 leaved Elm, 



English Elm, European Elm, 



'LiNN^us, Species Plantarura. 

 IMicHAUx, North American Sylva. 

 Loudon, Arboretum Britannicum. 

 Selby, British Forest Trees. 



France. 



Germany. 

 Italy. 



Britain. 



Anglo-America. 



Derivations. The specific name campestris is derived from the Latin campus, a field ; having reference to this tree as grow 

 ing in open fields and in hedges. Most of the European names have the same signification as the botanical one. 



Engravings. Michaux, North American Sylva, pi. 129; Loudon, Arboretum Briiannicum, iii., fig. 123S et 1239 and vii., pi 

 230 el seq. : Selby, British Forest Trees, pp. IM, 105 el 106 ; and the figures below. 



Specific Characters. Leaves doubly serrated, rough. Flowers nearly sessile, 4-cleft. Samara oblong, 

 deeply cloven, glabrous. Smith, English Flora. 



Description. 



"Fruitful in leaves the Elm." 



Virgil. 



HE Ulmus campestris 



is of a tall, upright 



habit of growth, with 



a straight trunk, four 

 or five feet in diameter, when fully grown, and 

 attaining a height of from sixty to seventy 

 feet, or upwards. The branches, which are 

 rather slender, are densely clothed with small, 

 deep-green leaves, somewhat shining on the 

 upper surface, though rough to the touch. 

 The leaves are broad in the middle, and con- 

 tracted toward the ends; being, like those of 

 most other kinds of elm, unequal at the base, 

 and doubly dentated, and having a strongly-marked midrib, with other lateral 

 ribs, equally prominent, proceeding from it, on each side. They unfold at 

 Naples, in Italy, by the first of February; at Paris, in March: in Hngland by 

 the middle of April ; and at New York early in May. They lall at Paris, and at 

 New York, in the beginning of November, and three or four weeks later in Kng- 

 land ; but in Naples they often remain upon the trees until the end of the year. 

 The flowers, which put forth just before the leaves, vary in colour from adiiU- 

 purple to a dark-red; and are succeeded by oblong. deo|)ly-clovon s;uuar;e. con- 

 taining each a see^, that ripens in a month after the appearance of the leaves. 



Varieties. The varieties of this species are very numerous, both in Pritain 

 and on the continent; and most of them have been selected by nurserymen from 

 their seed-beds. As remarked at the commencement of this genus, from the 



li^v^ 



