502 



ULMUS AMERICANA. 



8. U. A. iNcisA, TiOii(loi). Dcophj-loollicd-lenvcd Amcr\ran Elm. This variety 

 diflers from the otlicrs, in luiviiig liie leaves somewhat more det-ply serrated, and 

 rather smaller, approaching nearer to those of the Ulmus campcstris clfusa, of 

 Europe. 



9. U. A. LONGiFoi.iA. Loiiff-lcarcd A/ncrira7i Ehn ; Uhnns lom^^ifoUa^ of Rafin- 

 esque; a shrub, with smooth, slender, striated branciilets, ciglit or ten feet hi 

 length, native of Alabama and Tennessee. The leaves, which are three or four 

 inches long, about an inch wide, and smooth on hoth sides, are borne on short 

 petioles, are thin, oblong-elongate, sub-cordate at the base, doubly serrated, ariU 

 acuminate at the apex. 



10. U. A. OBOVATA. Obovate-leaved American Elm ; Ulm,its obovatn, of Rafin- 

 esque; a tree thirty or forty feet in height, a native of Kentucky and Illinois. 

 Ttie branchlets are terete, smooth, and rugose. The leaves, which are from four 

 to six inches long, and three or four inches wide, are borne on short petioles, are 

 ohovate, acuminate, obliquely-obtuse at the base, doubly serrated, nearly smooth 

 on the upper side, and villous beneath. 



11. U. A. GRANuiDENTATA. Lw gB-tootked American Elm, ; Ulm,ns dentata, Yel- 

 low Elm, of Rafinesque ; a tree, native of Alabama, with terete, smooth branch- 

 lets. Its leaves, which are six or seven inches long, and three or four inches 

 broad, aie borne on petioles, at least an inch longer than in any other elm ; they 

 are acute and entire at the base, obovate, Avith large, sub-equal, sharp teeth in 

 the upper half, sub-acuminate at the end, and smooth on both sides. The flow- 

 ers occur in fascicles, with the pedicels filiform, the calyx campanulate, the 

 stamens exserted, and the pistil cuneate-oblong, bifid by the two styles. The 

 samaras are fasciculate, peduncled, oblong, bifid, and fimbriate on the sides. 



12. U. A. ALATA. Cork-ioinged American Elm; Ulmus alata, of Michaiix, 

 Loudon, and others ; Orme aiU, Or me fongeitx, of the French ; Geflixgelte 

 Ulme, of the Germans ; Wahoo Elm, of the British and Anglo-Americans. This 

 variety forms a tree of a middling stature, com- 

 monly not exceeding thirty feet, with a trunk nine 

 or ten inches in diameter. The branches are gar- 

 nished throughout their entire length, on two oppo- 

 site sides, with fungous appendages, about a quar- 

 ter of an inch in width, which have given rise to 

 the name of alata, or winged. The leaves, which 

 are borne on short petioles, are of an oblong-oval 

 form, narrowed to an acute point, denticulated, and 

 almost equal at the base. The flowers put forth in 

 April, just before the unfolding of the leaves, and^|j 

 do not differ materially from those of the other elms. 

 The samarse, which are much smaller than those 

 of the Ulmus americana, are downy, and bear a 

 dense fringe at the edge. This tree is indigen- 

 ous to eastern Virginia, the maritime districts of 

 Carolina and Georgia, to western Tennessee, and 

 some parts of Kentucky. It is generally found on 

 the banks of rivers, and in the great swamps enclosed by the pine-barrens. The 

 wood of this variety is fine-grained, more compact, heavier, and stronger than 

 that of the Ulmus americana. The heart-wood is of a dull chocolate-colour, and 

 always bears a great proportion to the sap-wood. In some parts of the southern 

 states, it is used for the naves to coach-wheels, where it is preferred for this pur- 

 }jose to the tupelo, (Nyssa,) being both harder and tougher than that wood; but 

 if is not particularly appropriated to any other use. This variety was introduced 

 i ito Britain in 1820, where there are small specimens to be found in many of the 

 collections. It is perfectly hardy in New York, as has been fully tested on the 





