TABLE OF CONTENTS. XV 



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CHAPTER XII. 



DOWN THE RIVER TO PARA. EXCURSIONS ON THE COAST. 



Farewell Visit to the Great Cascade at Manaos. Change in its Aspect. 

 Arrival at Villa Bella. Return to the House of the Fisherman Maia. 

 Excursion to the Lago Maximo. Quantity of Game and Waterfowl. 



Victoria regia. Leave Villa Bella. Arrive at Obydos. Its Situation 

 and Geology. Santarem. Visit to the Church. Anecdote of Martius. 



A Row overland. Monte Alegre. Picturesque Scenery. Banheiras. 



Excursion into the Country. Leave Monte Ale"gre. Anecdote of In- 

 dians. Almeyrim. New Geological Facts. Porto do Moz. Collec- 

 tions. Gurupa. Tajapuni. Arrive at Para. Religious Procession. 



Excursion to Mara jo. Soure"s. Jesuit Missions. Geology of Ma- 

 raj o. Buried Forest. Vigia. Igarape*. Vegetation and Animal Life. 



Geology. Return to Para. Photographing Plants. Notes on the 

 Vegetation of the Amazons. Prevalence of Leprosy. . . . 351-396 



CHAPTER XIII. 



PHYSICAL HISTORY OF THE AMAZONS. 



Drift about Rio de Janeiro. Decomposition of underlying Rock. Different 

 Aspect of Glacial Phenomena in different Continents. Fertility of the 

 Drift. Geological Observations of Messrs. Hartt and St. John. Corre- 

 spondence of Deposits along the Coast with those of Rio and those of the 

 Valley of the Amazons. Primitive Formation of the Valley. First known 

 Chapter of its History. Cretaceous Fossil Fishes. Former Extent 

 of the South- American Coast. Cretaceous Fossils from the Rio Purus. 



Comparison between North and South America. Geological Forma- 

 tions along the Banks of the Amazons. Fossil Leaves. Clays and 

 Sandstones. Hills of Almeyrim. Monte Alegre. Situation and 

 Scenery. Serra of Erere*. Comparison with Swiss Scenery. Boulders 

 of Erere". Ancient Thickness of Amazonian Deposits. Difference be- 

 tween Drift of the Amazons and that of Rio. Inferences drawn from the 

 present Condition of the Deposits. Immense Extent of Sandstone For- 

 mation. Nature and Origin of these Deposits. Referred to the Ice- 

 Period. Absence of Glacial Marks. Glacial Evidence of another Kind. 

 Changes in the Outline of the South-American Coast. Soure*. 

 Igarape Grande. Vigia. Bay of Bragauza. Anticipation. . 397 - 441 



CHAPTER XIV. 



CEARA. 



Leaving Para. Farewell to the Amazons. Ease of Travelling on the 

 Amazons. Rough Passage. Arrival at Ceara. Difficulty of Landing. 



Aspect of the Town. Rainy Season. Consequent Sickliness. Our 

 Purpose in stopping at Ceara. Report of Dr. Felice about Moraines. 

 Preparations for Journey into the Interior. Diuieulties and Delays in 

 getting off. On the Way. Night at Arancho. Bad Roads. Car- 



