a^arglanD* 



The boundary between Pensylvania and Maryland is 

 shown by a broad line hewn through the woods. 

 Tonny-town, a county-town of perhaps 150 houses, was 

 the first place in this province. Thence the road led us 

 over Pipe Creek, which flows in a deep bed to the 

 Susquehannah, the land on both sides being- excellent ; 

 and farther on, we crossed the Monocasy, a small 

 stream, four miles from Fredericktown. We had come 

 now about no miles through this same limestone val- 

 ley, the beginning of which I remarked at Jones' 

 Tavern. The higher levels of this valley may be re- 

 garded as a continuous plain, in which the several hills 

 and irregularities are due merely to the streams cutting 

 obliquely across, their course lying from the mountains 

 to the sea. In this way every slope noticeable in this 

 valley falls away to the east or the south-east. These 

 lower spots afford most excellent meadow-lands, and 

 make the extensive cattle-industry of the region profit- 

 able. On the other hand, the soil of the higher land is 

 the same uniform reddish earth which in a dry season 

 makes the best road, and in wet weather, the worst. 



Fredericktown. This was the second time my road 

 had brought me through this town. Bad weather occa- 

 sioned a stay of several days; but no more than the 

 first time I was there, had I the pleasure of the society 

 of gentlemen. The clergy, and a few others whose 

 acquaintance I sought, were absent now as before, and 

 the remaining German and other inhabitants are the 

 3 



