SOUTH CAROLINA 165 



them because, for fear of the savages, they dared not 

 strike farther inland. A plan for the building of a 

 magnificent city was sketched and sent over by the 

 Lords Proprietors, to whom King Charles the Second 

 had assigned the province of Carolina, but so far this 

 has not been fully carried out. 



Both the rivers named are navigable, but for trad- 

 ing-vessels only the Cowper as much as 20 miles above 

 the city. Merchant-men find commodious and safe 

 anchorage between the city and a little island in the 

 Cowper river. This part of the river is called the 

 Bay, and along this side of the city the shore is fur- 

 nished with excellent wharves of cabbage-trees. The 

 entrance to the harbor is made more difficult by a bar 

 which ships of more than 200 tons cannot pass without 

 lightening cargo. The advantageous site of the city 

 has not been neglected in its fortification; towards the 

 land side as well as at the south-western point there 

 have long been regular works of masonry, which dur- 

 ing the war were considerably increased and improved 

 both by the Americans and the English, but are now 

 again fallen to decay. On the landside the city has 

 but one approach, protected by a gate with several 

 walled defences of oyster-shells and lime. Among the 

 public buildings of the city the handsome State-house, 

 the Main-guard opposite, the Bourse, and the two 

 churches, St. Philipp and St. Michael, are conspicuous, 

 all designed after good plans. Two lines of framed 

 barracks, for the one-time English garrisons are not 

 at present made use of. The tower of St. Michael's 

 church is 190 feet high, and has long served as land- 

 mark for incoming ships. It was formerly painted 

 white; the American Commodore Whipple hit upon 



