SOUTH CAROLINA 177 



with leaves exactly similar as to shape, but smooth and 

 shining on the surface and beneath merely silver- 

 colored, without the least down. The leaves are in- 

 variably strong and thick, and throughout the year 

 keep green and vigorous. This oak is not only an 

 ornament in the forest, but furnishes the most ex- 

 cellent and durable ship-timber. A ship built of it, 

 and hence called the ' Live Oak,' was 40 years and 

 more at sea, and was several times new-planked. This 

 oak is to be found most abundantly in Georgia, but 

 there as well as in the Carolinas only on the sea-coast 

 or not far from it ; it grows 40-50 ft. tall. 



The Highland Willow Oak. Qnercus Phellos hu- 

 milis. y. L., Catesb. I, 22. 



This grows in dry places and is not rare here ; but 

 attains only a moderate size. The leaves are lance- 

 shaped, but shorter than those of the first willow-oak, 

 and are smooth on both surfaces ; the leaves have 

 several in-cuts and points. 



The Water-Oak. Qnercus uliginosa Wangenheim. 

 Qnercus folio non ferrato, in snmmitate quasi 

 triangulo. Cat. I, 20. 



This oak is pretty common in the southern prov- 

 inces, as often to be met with as any other. It grows 

 preferably indeed in low, moist, and good soil, but not 

 exclusively, being found also in dry places. The 

 leaves approach in shape those of the common black 

 oak, but are smaller, of a thicker structure, and keep 

 green pretty well throughout the winter. 



The other oaks found hereabouts are : the common 

 black oak, the red oak, the red water-oak, the white, 

 and the chestnut oak. Somewhat farther inland there 



