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Besides these taxes coming into the State's treasury, 

 there were still other imposts for the maintenance of 

 the police, city-watchmen, lamps &c. For these pur- 

 poses especially the revenues were applied which arose 

 from such negroes as worked in the city. That is to 

 say, a licence-badge showing the negro's occupation 

 must be paid for by every master for his slaves or by 

 every free negro for himself. But this concerned only 

 those negroes who hired themselves out or were hired 

 out by their masters. For a butcher 40 shillings a year 

 was paid. For a carpenter, mason, farrier, goldsmith, 

 cartwright, house-painter, fisherman &c, 20 shillings 

 a year. For a tailor, tanner, harness-maker, tin-man 

 &c. 15 shillings. For a sea-man, cooper, shoemaker, 

 hatter, rope-maker &c. 10 shillings. For every other 

 hired negro, not specifically described, 5 shillings. 

 In explanation of this tax levied on hired negroes, one 

 must know that in Virginia, Carolina, Georgia, as well 

 as in .the West Indies, this class of men are to their 

 owners an interest-bearing capital, and if the owners 

 have no use for them themselves, they hire them out 

 and live on their wages as is elsewhere the case with 

 horses let. The meanest negro, if he has no regular 

 trade and can carry on no fixed occupation, must earn 

 his keep in some heavy work or as day laborer, and 

 must give in to his owner a certain part of his wages. 

 He may have earned little or much, but he turns in at 

 the least a shilling sterling a day, and besides he must 

 feed and clothe himself. There are various condi- 

 tions, according to the good nature of the owner and 

 the skill of the negro ; but in the average it may be 

 accepted that a hired negro is worth a yearly interest 

 of 15-20 per centum. Thus many idlers place their 

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