SCHOPF AMERICAN TRAVELS. 



pedata and pcdmata, Gomphrena Hava, Lupinus perennis, Sanguinaria 

 canadensis, Sarracenia lutea and purpurea. Cypripedium Calceolus, 

 Azalea viscosa, Kalmia latifoUa, angusifolia, and glauca, and other 

 plants seem, from the partial accounts I had, to belong among the first 

 to appear in the spring, blooming towards the end of February or the 

 beginning of March. The remarkable Dionaea Muscipnla L. (Fly- 

 trap) is at home in this region, but seems to be known to very few of 

 the inhabitants. And besides it, there are many rare plants to reward 

 the future investigator. . , . 



In North and South Carolina, besides corn, a small kind of peas, 

 called Indian peas, is very much raised. They yield heavily and in 

 good years produce 40-50 for one. They plant them the end of April 

 or the first of May and gather in October. The people here distill 

 a bad sort of brandy from potatoes (Convohuliis Battatas L.). . . . 



That the greatest and most important part of the immense forests 

 of this fore-country consist of pine, I have already several times men- 

 tioned. But it is precisely this wood which so much advantages the 

 inhabitants, in which lies the compensation for their generally sterile 

 soil ; it is this that supplies them with excellent timber for building and 

 other purposes, and with the opportunity for considerable gain from 

 turpentine, tar, pitch, resin, and turpentine-oil. Therefore the pitch- 

 pine is for North Carolina the tree most important and profitable. . . . 



The Pitch-pine, here so-called, which is greatly preferred for 

 turpentine because most resinous, has three very long needles in each 

 case ; the tree is of a tall, comely growth, and has long, bare boughs 

 upward bent, which, commonly at the extreme end, bear out-standing 

 tufts of needles. It appears more like Pinus Palustris Mill.^ than 

 Pimis Taeda L., since it grows here almost on barren, sandy soils, and 

 is found oEtener towards the coast than farther inland. This tree is 

 not apparently weakened if turpentine is drawn from it many years 

 together, and it is even thought that it merely grows the richer for 

 these tappings, and used finally as light-wood yields the more in tar 

 and pitch. 



Together with it, but in greater plenty farther inland, grows the 

 Rosemary-Pinef so-called, which has but two needles, and short ones, 

 and yields vastly less turpentine than the other, nor for so long a 

 period. The name Yellow-Pine is given in this country for the most 

 part to the rosemary pine; but others hold that this is a particular 

 variety of the pitch-pine, distinguished by a thinner, smoother bark, 

 a softer, yellower wood, somewhat shorter needles, a straighter and 

 less branching growth, and that the variety may be discerned quite 

 young and makes a better house timber. Others again give the name 



* Pinus palustris foliis ternis longissimis, Von Wangenheim's Beytrage, 73. Marshall's 

 Amer. Grove, 100. The former says, it seems to contain little of resinous parts; the latter, 

 that it is as resinous as any other kind. 



t Pinus virginiana; Jersey-Pine; two leaved Pitch-pine von Wangenheim's Beytrage, 74; 

 Marshall's Amer. Gr., 102. 



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