PENSYLVANIA 63 



prosecute everything with constant zeal. In Philadel- 

 phia the large Hospital and the Workhouse are stand- 

 ing examples of their benevolent views. Also, the field 

 of the sciences has them to thank ; the American Phil- 

 osophical Society was founded by them, and their sect 

 furnishes to it many worthy members. For gradually 

 the Quakers are giving over their former depreciation 

 of the sciences, since they find that increased intelli- 

 gence does not injure the well-being of a community, 

 and that everything is not to be expected from im- 

 mediate revelation. In their outward conduct, and in 

 their relations with their fellow-citizens of other beliefs, 

 they are beginning to recede from the strict attitude of 

 an earlier time. No longer does the hat sit quite so 

 square, and many young Quakers venture to half-tilt 

 the round hat, gently, so that the brims are brought into 

 a position, doubtful as yet, half perpendicular and half 

 horizontal. But the ' Thou ' and ' Thee,' which in our 

 title-seeking Germany was the chief hindrance in the 

 spread of Quakerism, they still find it well to retain. 



It is against the principles of the Quakers to take 

 part in any feud whatsoever, because as Christians they 

 consider it their duty to love their enemies. Hence, 

 neither in former wars nor in this last war would they 

 let themselves be placed in ranks and companies with 

 murderous weapons in their hands, although the Jews 

 themselves have not in America declined such service. 

 In former times it was the easier to abjure all partici- 

 pation in war, since the Proprietors, the Governors, all 

 the more important citizens and officers of state were of 

 that sect. Besides, it happened that the unbaptized 

 blood-shy Friends stayed quietly at their plantations or 

 their towns in lower Pensylvania while in the farther 



