FROM PHILADELPHIA 145 



Their love of peace and quiet cost the Moravian 

 Brethren dear during the last war. On the one hand 

 suspected of adherence to the royalist cause, and on 

 the other prevented by their principles from taking up 

 arms, they had to pay double taxes, (like the Quakers 

 and other religious sects similar to them in this matter), 

 and were grievously burdened with many charges 

 besides. 



Bethlehem is the principal seat of the Moravian 

 Brethren in North America, and thence are managed 

 the affairs of their other and smaller communities, of 

 which already there are many. In the neighborhood 

 of Bethlehem are Nazareth, Christiansbrunn, Scho'n- 

 eck, Gnadenthal, and Gnadenhiitten. In Jersey there 

 is a considerable community at Hope, and others 

 smaller elsewhere. In North Carolina + Salem is their 

 chief place, from which Bethabara is seven and Beth- 

 ania 17 miles distant. Besides, there are communities 

 and meeting-houses at Philadelphia, New York, New- 

 port, and Lancaster. 



Their activities are not restricted merely to those 

 regions settled by Europeans. Through tireless zeal 

 and wonderful patience they have succeeded in mak- 

 ing a wholesome impression on several of the Indian 

 nations. Beyond the mountains, on the Muskingum 

 (a stream flowing from the north into the Ohio) they 

 formed a numerous and hopeful community, confessing 

 the Christian religion, from nations not easily to be 

 tamed in any other manner. In three of their colonies, 

 Schonbrunn, Gnadenhiitten, and Salem,* many Indian 



* Gnadenhiitten and Salem two Indian villages are not to 

 be confused with the settlements of the same name in Pen- 

 sylvania and North Carolina. These Indian villages lay 160- 

 170 English miles west of Pittsburg. 

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