FROM NAZARETH TO CARLISLE 199 



ton of pig 5 shillings ; for a ton of furnace iron or 

 other ware 40 shillings. In this way, if much is 

 worked, the first founder stands to receive several 

 pounds in the week. 



Nowhere among the sundry mines and forges of 

 America had wages become fixed as yet, the custom 

 being to treat with each man conformably and accord- 

 ing to his abilities. Miners by profession worked com- 

 monly by the fathom ; in Jersey they asked 5-6 pounds 

 current a month, with lights and tools. Common 

 laborers there received always 2-3 pounds a month. 

 But then they asked more during hay-making and 

 harvest, when with lighter work they could easily earn 

 for some weeks together 16-20 shillings a day. Coalers 

 and founders were likewise well paid in Jersey. A 

 foreman or head-founder 9 pounds a month ; a coaler 

 5-6 pounds. Hammer men were paid in Jersey by the 

 ton also. 



The price of a ton of pig-iron (which on account of 

 the easier transport is cheaper in America) is 10 

 pounds current. A ton of furnace iron, kettles or other 

 utensils, 2025 pounds. Bar-iron, in the good times 

 before the war, cost the iron-masters 22-23 pounds a 

 ton ; they sold it at 25 pounds cash money or 30 pounds 

 at six months credit. But at present they cannot de- 

 liver a ton for less than 32-37 pounds. 



If the furnace is not properly managed the slag is 

 pale green and coarse, but otherwise a fine sky-blue. 

 There lay at the furnace more than 200 tons of such 

 slag, which Mr. Udree had turned over to a man who 

 was to give him 15 tons of iron for the privilege of 

 breaking it up, washing it, and getting it worked over 

 at a bloomery ; his estimate is that it will take him two 

 years to clear out this slag. 



