320 TRAVELS IN THE CONFEDERATION 



wound ; but of some, the leaves and bark also. Merely 

 the inner bark of the white oak is laid on the previously 

 scarified and salt-rubbed wound. Of the black and 

 white wallnut the inner bark is to be beaten and the 

 fibre twisted into a cord and this bound about the 

 wounded limb above the bite. The bark of the white 

 ash is burnt, the ashes made into a paste with vinegar 

 and applied to the wound, and at the same time a 

 decoction of the bark and the buds is to be drank. 

 But among all the above-listed plants the Aristolochia 

 Serpentaria and Polygala Senega have especially held 

 the general esteem ; and to these must be added the 

 Roberts' Plantain, which has been praised by several, 

 particularly the worthy Dr. Otto at Bethlehem, from 

 positive and often confirmed experience, having many 

 times been of excellent use where signs of the poison 

 taken up into the blood were already plainly manifest. 

 This plant, little known as yet, grows well in hilly 

 regions and is found in plenty about Bethlehem ; it is 

 raised there foresightedly in gardens, so as to be found 

 in the night if occasion arises. Its leaves have a bitter, 

 sharp, biting taste. They are applied, freshly crushed, 

 to the wound and often renewed, and also a decoction 

 made of them is copiously administered. 



Another tried remedy was made known not many 

 years ago by Caesar, + a Carolina negro, who was re- 

 warded by the state of North Carolina with his free- 

 dom and a considerable sum of money. Having been 

 many times tried, the especial efficacy of this remedy 

 seemed to be admitted. It consists of the roots of the 

 Hoarhound (Marrubium album?) and Plantain (Plan- 

 tago major? vel lanceolata?). These roots are mixed 

 in equal parts, and three ounces of the mixture boiled 



