324 TRAVELS IN THE CONFEDERATION 



mine lying back four miles from this road, owned by 

 Dr. Stevenson of Baltimore. The ranges of hills bor- 

 dering this limestone valley run likewise from north- 

 east and north-north-east to south-west and south- 

 south-west, are very low, and next the valley contain 

 a black, coarse, white-veined slate, mostly limestone 

 schist. Large fragments of quartz are numerous here- 

 abouts. Farther to the east there begins a greenish 

 species of slatey-clay stone, now harder and again 

 softer, observable until 16-18 miles this side Baltimore. 

 The covering of these hills is generally thin, reddish 

 sand and clay, showing small-stemmed trees, mostly 

 white-oak and sassafras. In the valley-bottoms there 

 are good meadow-lands and many fine farms. This 

 whole region was now empty of blooms. 



There had been no work done for some time at the 

 copper mine. However, I obtained several small pieces 

 of ore. It was copper glass-sand ore with feldspar and 

 a talc crust. It is called here ' silver-grey copper ore.' 

 The stone in the rubbish was red feldspar with quartz 

 intermixed. A 10-12 fathom shaft has been sunk, 

 and a vein worked 16-18 fathoms in length. The ore 

 is found for the most part only clustered or in veins of 

 inconsiderable and very changeable breadth. It strikes 

 directly through hard rock ; no timbering has been 

 done therefore, but the work has had to be very slow 

 and costly. The ore was said to yield 75 in 100. It 

 was shipped raw to England. Dr. Stevenson had long 

 been offering a half interest for sale, having been at 

 great expense latterly for up-keep. 



From the copper mine to Tutteral's Tavern (three 

 miles) there lay by the road greenish sand-stones with 

 reddish flecks, and at one place a bed of a blackish-red, 



