344 FUNGI 



Cohn — Empusa iSIuscce und die Krankheit der Slubenfliege (Nova Acta, xxv., p. i). 

 Cohn— Ueber eine neue Pilzkrankheit der Erdraupen (Tarichium megaspermum) 



(Beiirage zur Biologie der Pflanzen, Bd. i., Heft i, p. 58). 

 Eidam — Eine auf Excrementen von Froschen gefundene Entomophthoree (Bot. 



Centralbk^tt, xxiv. , 1885). 

 Fresenius— Ueber die Pilzgattung Entomophthora (AbhandL d. Senkenberg. Ges. , 



Bd. ii.). 

 Giard — Deux especes d'Entomophlhora, &c. (Bull. Sc. du Depart, du Nord, 2 ser. , 



2 Ann., No. 11). 

 Frey und Lebert — Die Pilzkrankheit der Pliegen (Verhandl. d. Naturf. Ges. zu 



Ziirich, 1856). 

 Leitgeb — Completoria complens, ein in Farnprothallien schmarotzende Pilz (Sit- 



zungsber. d. Wien. Acad., Bd. 84, Abth. i). 

 Nowakowski — Die Copulation bei einigen Entomophthoreen (Bot. Zeit., 1877). 

 Nowakowski — Entomophthoreae (Abhandl. d. Acad. d. Wiss. zu Krakau, 1883). 



Polish, see Bot. Zeit., 1882. 

 Sorokin — Zwei neue Entomophthora Arten (Cohn's Beitrage zur Biol. d. Pflanzen, 



Bd. ii., Heft 3, p. 387). 



Order 3. — Chytridiace.^. 



The Chytridiacese are a group of minute, more or less aquatic, parasitic 

 fungi, embracing forms which may, in the present state of our knowledge 

 of them, be thus classed together ; but whether it will eventually appear 

 that these are naturally related to each other, or are merely organisms 

 of different affinities presenting a similar appearance owing to similar 

 environment and ways of life, is but a subject for speculation. How- 

 ever, there are points in which all agree, and their life-history may be 

 briefly summarised thus : — Zoospores— mostly uniciliated (the rest with 

 two cilia), and containing generally a drop of fatty substance, and, in 

 tthe larger forms at least, a nucleus — are produced in zoosporanges of 

 various forms and sizes. These escape from the apex of the zoosporange, 

 which is provided in some cases with a lid, either successively or in a 

 mass held together by a viscous substance, from which they are gradually 

 set free. An undulating alteration of outline, accompanied by amcjeboid 

 movement, takes place in the zoospores of certain species towards the 

 end of the period of their activity. I'he zoospores g\N^ rise again to 

 ;zoosporanges. Resting-spores are known in certain cases, which like- 

 wise give rise to zoosporanges ; while in the Rhizidiese a process probably 

 intermediate between oogamous reproduction and isogamous con- 

 jugation takes place. Of the four sub-orders, the first [Rhizidiece) is 

 manifestly nearly related to the Mucorini and the Ancylisteae ; the 

 second (C/(7^^^/^ji'/;7>(^) may be regarded as allied to the Rhizidie^e ; the 

 third {Olpidiece) and the fourth {Synchyfriece) in all probability following 

 the second. De Bary suggests ('Comp. Morph.,' p. 169) that in 



