( 501 ) 



The genus LULLULA. 



1 ciiiuiot hell) recognising this genus. The Wuodlaik is neitiier a Crested 

 Lark nor a Skylark. If we do not recognise the genus Ltdlula we must unite 

 Alaiif/a and Giilfriila. I have not been able to come to a final conclnsion 

 abont the subspecies of Lullula arborea, but probably at least three or four 

 are recognisable. 



( Jf. Vofj. pal. Fauna, p. 242. 



The genus ALAUDA. 



It seems to me unavoidable to separate specifically ^1. arre/tsi.i and ^1. i/'/l</tih. 

 A form of each seems to inhabit parts of Inner Asia, and the two are sufficiently 

 distinct to keep them separate. The subspecies of the Skylarks are difficult, 

 and much unnecessary difficulty has been created by the unscientific proceeding 

 of Mr. Ehmcke, who gave names to a dozen supposed new forms, disregarding 

 former literature, geographical distribution, and the fact that closely allied sub- 

 species should never be named from live specimens. By accident one or two 

 names of Ehmcke will stand : The West Siberian race, though very near 

 to the South European rantairlla, is smaller and more greyish, and must be 

 separated under Ehmcke's name cinerca. It breeds in West Siberia, but winters 

 at the foot of the Caucasus, in Tunis, Algiers, Egypt, etc., where it is generally 

 confounded with cantarella. Many specimens from E. Persia and Baluchistan 

 are more light brownish sandy than cinerea. These seem to be breeding tlierc (?; 

 and may be separable from the AV. Siberian race. In that case Ehmcke has 

 provided two names, schack and behuUcliistuna. 



I have not been able to examine a good series of the Skylark which is 

 said to breed on the alpine meadows of the Himalayas. It looks so much like 

 the W. Siberian form (, I. arrensis cinerca') that 1 have not separated it. 



Another form abont which I could not come to a decision is one which 

 appears during migration in Sikkim and other places in the Himalaya. It seems 

 to be the form which breeds in the mountains of West China and East Tibet, and 

 which has been named by Bianchi Alauda iiiopiiiata {Accji Przi'walManan. ]). 33iS). 



The genus EREMOPHILA. 



An enormous time has been sjient over the genus Knmopkilu, or Otocori/x, 

 as it is generally called. I have studied the very large material in Tring, the 

 series in the British Museum, a number of specimens from the Petersburg 

 Museum, kindly lent by Dr. Bianchi, and specimens from the museums iu 

 Berlin, Sarajevo, Liverpool, and Nieder-Ingelheim. In his work on the genus 

 BIr. Oberholser separates twenty American forms. While the majority of 

 these are very easily recognisable, it is impossible to recognise some of them 

 from Mr. Oberholser's descriptions and with a small series only. Much as I 

 admire Oberholser's elaborate work, I cannot help thinking that he has gone 

 too far in a few cases. I agree with him, on the other hand, that the arctic 

 North American form must be called J'l alpcstris aljiestris, and that it is ditl'erent 

 from the arctic European one, which must be named E. alpestris Jlavu. L'f. 1 'bq. 

 pal. Fauna, p. 255. 



