550 Transactions of the 



high land, or on hillsides facing from southeast to southwest. In either 

 case the more perfect the drainage, the greater the yield. In turning 

 out cows on the natural grasses, there is but little danger; but if their 

 stomachs be empty, and they be turned on to red clover, hoven, often 

 fatal, is pretty sure to occur. 



"The practice of feeding meal or bran when at pasture is to be con- 

 demned — first, as not being economical; second, as keeping the cow in a 

 forced condition. If fed very strong, in order to increase her yield, she 

 ma}* reach a point which it is impossible to keep her to, the reaction 

 from which will leave her worthless. 



"These same grasses, cut when the clover is fully ripe, before brown- 

 ing, make the best of Winter hay. For their Winter keep from fifteen 

 to twenty pounds of hay is enough per day, varying according to the 

 size of the animal. To this may be added from eight to twelve quarts of 

 carrots per day, and eight quarts of wheat bran, and two quarts of corn 

 meal — the bran and corn meal to be reduced as the cow's yield dimin- 

 ishes. 



" The Jersey bull will need per day ten pounds of ha} r , four quarts of 

 wheat bran, one quart of oats or of corn meal, and two quarts of car- 

 rots, with a bushel of grass twice a week in Summer.* As to water, 

 once or twice per day in Winter, and two or three times per day in 

 Summer, will be enough." 



THE AMERICAN JERSEY CATTLE CLUB. 



This essay w r ould be incomplete without an account of the formation 

 of the Cattle Club, and of the manner in which it has endeavored to fos- 

 ter pure breeding, and to extend a knowledge of, and interest in, the 

 breed. 



In eighteen hundred and sixty-eight, Messrs. Sam. J. Sharpless, Chas. 

 M. Beach, Thos J. Hand, and the writer, after consultation as to the 

 best course to be pursued, asked the concurrence of some of the leading- 

 breeders, and held a meeting in Philadelphia, which resulted in the or- 

 ganization of the Club, the adoption of the Constitution, and preparation 

 for publishing a Herd Book. About forty breeders were constituted the 

 original members. Since that time nearly one hundred others have been 

 elected. 



The formation of the "Herd Register" was at once undertaken, such 

 rules being established as at that time seemed adapted to secure the ad- 

 mission of all animals of pure Jersey blood, and to insure the exclusion 

 of all others. Up to this time pedigrees had been kept, when kept at all, 

 only in the private records and desultory correspondence of importers 

 and breeders. There were some Guernseys in the country, and it had 

 been usual to speak of these and of Jerseys indiscriminately as "Alder- 

 ney;" this confused the records very much, and added greatly to the 

 difficulty of excluding such as were not clearly pure Jerseys, without 

 doing injustice to owners. The preparation of the first volume of the 

 "Register" required, for several years, the labor not only of the Secre- 

 tary, but largely of the members of the Executive Committee, and of 

 others who were familiar with the earlier importations. It is believed 

 that the result of this work has been to exclude all animals not clearly 



*Many bulls will do better on less grain; some on none at all. — Ed. 



