CATTLE FEEDING. 



163 



some concentrated food has been addod, would give such a ration, 

 A proper mixture of clover hav and straw, or a mixture of straw, 

 roots and some highly allmniinous food will give good results for the 

 feeding of animals at work. Such rations would contain about 12 

 kilos (26.4 lbs.) of organic substance, and not more than about 

 0.150 kilos of fatt}^ compounds, (.33 lbs., that is about ^ lb.). 



When the work of oxen is of a very severe nature the amount of 

 albuminoids is raised to 1.200 kilos (2.64 lbs.) and the carbohy- 

 drates to 7.200 kilos (15.84 lbs.), giving a nutritive relation of 1:6; 

 some concentrated food rich in albuminoids and fat is generally used 

 in such cases so as to increase the amount of fatty substance to 0.250 ' 

 kilos (.55 lbs.). For the horse no fodder seems to be more univer- 

 sally used, nor any with better effect, than oats and hay, to which ; 

 straw and meal are sometimes added. For a working horse oats . 

 are uudoubtedh- a most valuable and rational food. The daily 

 ration should consist for ever}' 500 kilos (1100 lbs.) live weight of 

 0.900 kilos (1.98 lbs.) of albuminoids and 6.300 kilos (13.86 lbs.) 

 of carbohydrates. (Nutritive ratio = 1 : 7). Such a ration would 

 contain about eleven kilos (24.2 lbs.) of organic substance and 

 0.300 kilos (.66 lb.) of fat, as oats are rich in fatt}' substance. This 

 must be taken into consideration if oats are to be replaced by any , 

 other fodder. For heavy draught horses hard at work, the quantity 

 of nutritive substances in the ration must be increased, the albumi- 

 noids to 1.400 kilos (3.08 lbs.), the carbohydrates to 7.700 kilos , 

 (16.94 lbs.), giving a total of 9.100 kilos (20.02 lbs.) of digestible 

 substances having the nutritive relation 1 : 5^. Oats to which pea 

 or beau meal are added give excellent rations of this description. 



The feeding of Young and Growing Anijmals. 



Man}' practical experiments upon the feeding of young stock have 

 been made. In the feeding of the bovine race one experiment may 

 be cited : 



Three calves 14 days old, and weighing respectivel}' 53, 59 and 52 

 kilogrammes (116.6, 129.8 and 114.4 lbs.), were fed during the 

 third and fourth week in the following manner :^The first received 

 daily a ration of 6 litres (6.3 qts.) of milk mixed with 6 litres of 

 whey (6.3 qts.), the second had 10 litres (10.5 qts.) of skimmed 

 milk, and the third 8 litres (8.4 qts.) of milk and 1| litres ( 1 4-5 qts. ) 

 of cream. 



