STATE POMOLOC.ICAL SOCIETY. 63 



want low headed trees then I would prune the tree in a manner 

 to save a branch as low down as you can get it. Ckt the tree 

 started with an open head and let the pruning after this be 

 on the top of it. Do not let it go up into the air so that a 

 thirty or forty feet ladder will be required In- and l)y to pick 

 the fruit. Keep it developing outward, giving it a good spread 

 where the sunshine can get into it. There is not nnicli trouble 

 with sun scald here, (^f course in the vSouth the pruning would 

 be exactly opposite, the object being to protect the fruit by 

 growing up a close head and keeping the fruit inside. But 

 here we want our fruit thrown right open to the bright sun- 

 shine. Hence, keep the tree open-headed, and keep the top 

 down. Then you can control the brown-tail, the gypsy, the 

 codling moth or the San Jose scale. 



The next tree has a little bend in it but that will straighten 

 up and in a few years you will have a beautiful tree, perfectly 

 straight. But this tree has started to be a high header, and that 

 should be stopped right away. First I would take the center 

 right out, and this requires a saw. We have a little saw known 

 as the Diston pruning saw which is very good for such work. 

 — a saw not more than half an inch wide, put on a handle, with 

 a swivel so that you can turn it at any angle you wish. It is 

 the Henry Diston swivel pruning saw, manufactured in Phila- 

 delphia. Now proceed to shape up this tree as you want it, 

 cutting every time, if you can, to get the bud on the under side 

 so as to change the growth of the tree outward instead of 

 upward. 



Ones, How would you set that tree. — -with the bend to the 

 wind or against it? 



Ans. I would set it with the bend against the prevailing 

 wind and the wind will help to make it straight. That is an 

 excellent tree with a very good spread in all directions. I care 

 not what the variety is, even if it is a Northern Spy, on my 

 farm I can have it producing fruit at six years of age. Usually 

 at twelve years of age you get a Northern Spy into bearing 

 here in New England. This year I have taken as high as 50 

 to 55 apples from a seven-year old tree, — beautiful, fine fruit. 



Ones. Ts any summer pruning done here in the East? 

 Ans. Not as a general thing. I have done a good deal on 

 my own place and the summer pruning enables me to get the 



