STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 99 



Prof. Craig : That is just the point, you couldn't do it ; 

 but in these particular orchards the trees stand nearly sixty 

 feet apart. They are fifty-year-old Baldwins. But that brings 

 us back to our point again, viz. that we have got to have .our 

 trees in this age of insect and fungus diseases far enough apart 

 so that we can properly protect them. 



Here are some figures which will strengthen the doubtful 

 man in deciding whether he is going to spray or not. Here 

 are the results of spraying in two counties contrasted. In 

 Niagara County we had as a yield from a large block of 

 orchards, 261 bushels per acre ; those sprayed once 364 bushels, 

 those sprayed twice 509 bushels. Now this represented not the 

 absolute yield of the tree but the yield of merchantable fruit, 

 that which was picked and graded. The returns derived from 

 those unsprayed apples were $45 per acre, $93 from those 

 sprayed once, $101 from those sprayed twice, $171 from those 

 sprayed three times. In Orleans County 245 bushels of 

 unsprayed brought $92 ; 307 bushels of those sprayed once, an 

 income of $116 per acre; 343 of those sprayed twice, an income 

 of $127 per acre. These yields do not represent the same year, 

 however, but nevertheless the figures are comparative in regard 

 to the influence of spraying. Here is a group of orchards in 

 which all the practices, pruning, spraying and feeding are con- 

 sidered to be of the best. Even in those where the trees were 

 well fed, and where they were well pruned you see the returns 

 both in Niagara County and in Orleans County were very much 

 higher for the well sprayed orchards than for the unsprayed, 

 $95 per acre for the unsprayed in Niagara, $103 per acre for the 

 unsprayed in Orleans, going up to $184 in Orleans for those 

 sprayed three times and $201 per acre in Niagara. These 

 figures, then, I think will give us courage to persist in a prac- 

 tice which, though unpleasant, is profitable. 



TABLE III. 



YIELD IN BUSHELS AND INCOME PER ACRE OF SPRAYED 

 AND UNSPRAYEU ORCHARDS. 



All Orchards Only well cared for orchards 



Niagara Co. Orleans Co. Niagara Co. Orleans Co. 



Bu. Income Bu. Income Bu. Income Bu. Income 



Unsprayed 261 $45 245 $92 266 $95 328 $103 



Sprayed once 364 93 307 116 353 146 34^ I39 



Sprayed twice 509 loi 343 127 422 147 374 143 



Sprayed three times 577 171 322 139 440 201 414 184 



Sprayed four times.. 390 183 569 211 285 226 569 211 



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