lOO STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



Question ; What is the reason for the four times sprayed 

 falUng off? 



Prof. Craig : I couldn't tell you. That is one of those ques- 

 tions that it is impossible to answer. There may have been a 

 few orchards in which the variance was great and those being 

 so very striking would pull down the average results in that 

 particular group. There are two exceptions to that rule. The 

 income is higher in all cases ; it may have been a question of 

 quality. 



Here is a picture showing methods of packing and handling 

 the fruits in boxes in Oswego County, New York. Spraying 

 the fruit, feeding the fruit, pruning the fruit, these are the prac- 

 tices which encourage this sort of packing, for we secure the 

 kind of fruit which can be put up in boxes and we are not 

 ashamed to send it to high class markets. 



Here we have some Canadian apples, a view in an orchard 

 north of Lake Ontario, where the brand that we were speaking 

 of a while ago goes on the barrel, marked plainly "No. i," 

 "No. 2" and so on, so that the buyer may know what the 

 packer's idea of No. i and No. 2 is. 



This is a view in a Monroe county orchard, showing the 

 height of adult trees. Now these trees begin at the ground and 

 they reach to the top of a thirty foot ladder. So that if we live 

 long enough and in the right place we are going to get a high 

 tree no matter whether we start it eight inches from the ground 

 or five feet, but w^e shall have more satisfaction, I think, out 

 of the low-headed tree during our life time than out of the high- 

 headed one ; but the apple tree in this country is bound to grow 

 tall. 



Now we have looked upon some figures and upon some sug- 

 gestive pictures, and it seems to me the lessons from this work 

 are that no single factor is alone responsible for maximum 

 yields, for mavimum success ; no single factor can be 

 credited with bringing success to an orchardist. It is true 

 he may be a better sprayer than some of his neighbors, but 

 spraying must be backed up by feeding, by pruning. He may 

 be a better feeder than others, but if he does not spray he is 

 going to fail — he is going to fall short of the maximum. I have 

 often heard growers say "I know this thing," and "I know that 

 thing." It is surprising, I think, how little we do know really. 



