29 



" It is used as an application io sores, and as a substitute for adhesive 

 plaster. 



Leaves leave a pungent taste. When bruised in water, they make 

 a lather like soap." (Macfadyen.) 



CITHAREXYLUM SURRECTUM, Gr. 



Fiddle Wood. 



Native of Jamaica and Antigua. A tree: leaves simple; flowers 

 white, fragrant; berry black. (Verbenacece.) 



C. quadrangulare, Jacq. is verv like this tree, and is also known as 

 Fiddle Wood. 



Wood : " A most useful timber in building, close grained and very 

 tough, used for mill rollers and frames, carriage wheels, &c." (Harrison.) 



CITRON. See Citrus medica. 

 CITRUS AURANTIUM, Linn. 



>>\\ Ell < >BANGE. 



Native of Northern India. A Bmall tree; leaves with a winged 

 stalk ; flowers, white, fragrant ; fruit with sweet jnic (Rutaceoe.) 



Leaves and young shoots yield by distillation a volatile oil, used in 

 preparation < f Eau de Cologne, and other perfami The oil from the 

 Bitter Orange is of greater value. 



Flowers, distilled with water, yield Orange Flower Water and Oil 

 of Neroli. The u water" is a slight nervous stimulant and is often 

 prepared by infusing the flowers. The water is chiefly used, however, 

 as a flavouring agent 



Oil of Neroli used in preparation of Eau de Cologne, perfumery, and 

 liqueurs:. 



Fruit, immature, as they drop from the tree, about the size of a 

 cherry, yield the same oil. They aie used to flavour Curagoa, ecc. 



The ripe orange is highly valued as a fruit. 



It is a refrigerant in fever and inrlammatorv complaints. 



The Peel has aromatie stimulant properties, and is slightly tome, 

 but the Bitter Orange is preferred. 



An essential oil is premared from the peel, known as Essence de 

 Portugal. 



CITRUS AURANTIUM, var. BERGAMIA, W. & A. 



West India Lime. 



Native of Northern India. A smaller tree, with smaller leaves, 

 flowers and fruit, those in the Orange. (Rutacece.) 



Fkuit yields a juice, which like that from the lemon is refrigerant 

 and antiscorbutic, the latter property being due, according to Garrod, 

 not to the citric acid, but to the potash saits contained in the juice. 

 The juice is also given to counteract the effect of narcotic poisons. 



Oil of Bergamot, used in perfumery, is prepared by placing the 

 "full" fruit in a special machine, which ruptures the oil vessels in the rind. 



The juice of the fruit is used with soup, &e., and the rind is preserved. 



