4 ARK1V FOR BOTANIK. BAND 13. N:0 15. 



Naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien. A few modifications have, 

 however, been made, chiefly according to the works of Glea- 

 son. Like many North American botanists, he tends to split 

 up large genera into smaller ones. I agree with him 

 in removing Lachnorhiza A. Rich., Leiboldia Sch.-Bip., and 

 Cyanthillium Blume (= Cyanopis Blxjme) from Vernonia, 

 but I do not approve the segregation of Eremosis (DC). There 

 are numerous species connecting Eremosis with Critoniopsis 

 Sch.-Bip., which genus always has been considered a section 

 of Vernonia. In fact, there are no characters of Eremosis 

 that cannot be found again in certain species of other sec- 

 tions of Vernonia. Eremosis (DC.) Gleason was character- 

 ized by 1 5-flowered heads in rounded panicles, and Ver- 

 nonia by 8 88-flowered heads. However, there are many 

 true Vernonise having as few-flowered heads as have the spe- 

 cies of Eremosis, for instance, in the sections Critoniopsis 

 and Stenocephalia (Sch.-Bip.). As for the rounded pan- 

 icles, Gleason himself has defined a division of Lepidaploa, 

 Paniculataz umbelliformes, having subumbellate, rounded 

 panicles . 



Three isolated species have been transferred in this 

 paper, one to the genus, and two from it. Prof. Urban in 1899 

 described a Piptocarpha tetrantha from Porto Rico, nearly 

 allied to Piptocarpha tri flora Bennet from Guj^ana. The 

 latter Piptocarpha is a genuine Critoniopsis, being closely 

 related to the type of the genus, Critoniopsis Lindenii Sch.- 

 Bip. from Columbia. If Critoniopsis be referred to Verno- 

 nia, Piptocarpha tri flora Benn. and Piptocarpha tetrantha 

 Urb. must be so too. It is another question whether Cri- 

 toniopsis inclusive of Eremosis are not to be genericalh* 

 distinguished from Vernonia. I will return to this subject 

 elsewhere. 



The two plants removed from the genus Vernonia are 

 V. lepidota Grisebach and V. Milleri Johnston. The former, 

 differing already in habit from all true Vernonia? of the West 

 Indies, above all in its lepidote pubescence, is abundantly 

 distinct in the structure of its pappus. The bristles of the 

 inner series of pappus are very few, 5 6 7, broad, caducous, 

 the scales of the outer series are concreted with each other, form- 

 ing a short, cylindrical tube. The plant is related to Pip- 

 tocoma Cass., which genus, however, has free outer scales. 



