TREES OF NEW ENGLAND. 



PIXOIDE.E. PINE FAMILY. COXIFERS. 



ABIETACEE. CUPRESSACEJE. 



Trees or shrubs, resinous ; leaves simple, mostly evergreen, 

 relatively small, entire, needle-shaped, awl-shaped, linear, or 

 scale-like; stipules none; flowers catkin-like; calyx none: 

 corolla none ; ovary represented by a scale (ovuliferous 

 scale) bearing the naked ovules on its surface. 



ABIETACE^. 



Larix. Pixus. Pick a. Tsuga. Abies. 



Buds scaly ; leaves evergreen and persistent for several 

 years (except in Larix'), scattered along the twigs, spirally 

 arranged or tufted, linear, needle-shaped, or scale-like ; sterile 

 and fertile flowers separate upon the same plant ; stamens 

 (subtended by scales) spirally arranged upon a central axis, 

 each bearing two pollen-sacs surmounted by a broad-toothed 

 connective ; fertile flowers composed of spirally arranged 

 bracts or cover-scales, each bract subtending an ovuliferous 

 scale ; cover-scale and ovuliferous scale attached at their 

 bases ; cover-scale usually remaining small, ovuliferous scale 

 enlarging, especially after fertilization, gradually becoming 

 woody or leathery and bearing two ovules at its base ; cones 

 maturing (except in Pinits) the first year ; ovuliferous scales 

 in fruit usually known as cone-scales ; seeds winged ; roots 

 mostly spreading horizontally at a short distance below the 

 surface. 



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