46 TREES OF NEW ENGLAND. 



Horticultural Value. Hardy throughout New England*, 

 grows best in moist localities ; extensively cultivated to 

 bind the soil along the banks of streams. Easily propa- 

 gated from slips. 



JUGLANDACE^. WALNUT FAMILY. 



Juglans cinerea, L. 



Butternut. Oilnut. Lemon Walnut. 



Habitat and Range. Roadsides, rich woods, river valleys, 

 fertile, moist hillsides, high up on mountain slopes. 



New Brunswick, throughout Quebec and eastern Ontario. 



Maine, common, often abundant ; New Hampshire, 

 throughout the Connecticut valley, and along the Merrimac 

 and its tributaries, to the base of the White mountains ; Ver- 

 mont, frequent ; Massachusetts, common in the eastern 

 and central portions, frequent westward ; Rhode Island and 

 Connecticut, common. 



South to Delaware, along the mountains to Georgia and Alabama ; 

 west to Minnesota, Kansas, and Arkansas. 



Habit. Usually a medium-sized tree, 20-45 feet in height, 

 with a disproportionately large trunk, 1-4 feet in diameter ; 

 often attaining under favorable conditions much greater dimen- 

 sions. It ramifies at a few feet from the ground and throws 

 out long, rather stout, and nearly horizontal branches, the 

 lower slightly drooping, forming for the height of the tree a 

 very wide-spreading head, with a stout and stiffish spray. At 

 its best the butternut is a picturesque and even beautiful tree. 



Bark. Bark of trunk dark gray, rough, narrow-ridged 

 and wide-furrowed in old trees, in young trees smooth, dark 

 gray ; branchlets brown gray, with gray dots and prominent 

 leaf-scars; season's shoots greenish-gray, faint-dotted, with a 

 clammy pubescence. The bruised bark of the nut stains 

 the skin yellow. 



Winter Buds and Leaves. Buds flattish or oblong-conical, 

 few-scaled, 2-4 buds often superposed, the uppermost largest 



