OSTRYA VIRGINICA, WILLD. 57 



soil. A most graceful and attractive hickory, which is trans- 

 planted more readily and grows rather more rapidly than 

 the shagbark or pignut, but more inclined than either of these 

 to show dead branches. Seldom for sale by nurserymen or 

 collectors. Grown readily from seed. 



Plate XXVII. Carta amara. 



1. "Winter bud. 



2. Flowering branch. 



3. Sterile flower, back view. 



4. Sterile flower, front view. 



5. Fertile flower. 



6. Fruiting branch. 



BETULACEJE. BIECH FAMILY. 



Ostrya Virginica, Willd. 



Ostrya Virginiana, Willd. 



Hop Hornbeam. Iroxwood. Leverwood. 



Habitat and Range. In rather open woods and along 

 highlands. 



Nova Scotia to Lake Superior. 



Common in all parts of Xew England. 



Scattered throughout the whole country east of the Mississippi, 

 ranging through western Minnesota to Nebraska, Kansas, Indian 

 territory, and Texas. 



Habit. A small tree, 25-40 feet high and 8-12 inches in 

 diameter at the ground, sometimes attaining, without much 

 increase in height, a diameter of 2 feet ; trunk usually slender ; 

 head irregular, often oblong or loosely and rather broadly 

 conical ; lower branches sometimes slightly declining at the 

 extremities, but with branchlets mostly of an upward tend- 

 ency ; spray slender and rather stiff. Suggestive, in its 

 habit, of the elm ; in its leaves, of the black birch ; and in 

 its fruit, of clusters of hops. 



