Genus io. 



CHICORY FAMILY. 



io. PICRIS L. Sp. PI. 792. 1753. 



Erect hispid, mostly branching, leafy herbs, with alternate leaves (in our species), and 

 rather large, usually corymbose or paniculate heads of yellow flowers. Involucre campanulate 

 or cup-shaped, its principal bracts in 1 series, nearly equal, with 2-3 series of small or large 

 exterior spreading ones. Receptacle flat, short-fimbrillate. Rays truncate and 5-toothed at 

 the apex. Anthers sagittate at the base. Style-branches slender. Achenes linear or oblong, 

 somewhat incurved, terete or angled, 5-10-ribbed and transversely wrinkled, narrowed at the 

 base and summit, or beaked in some species. Pappus of 1 or 2 series of slender plumose 

 bristles. [Greek, bitter.] 



About 35 species, natives of the Old World, one perhaps indigenous in Alaska. 

 Picris aspienioides L. 



Outer involucral bracts linear; achenes not beaked. 



Outer involucral bracts ovate, foliaceous ; achenes short-beaked. 



i. Picris hieracioides L. Hawkweed 

 Picris. Fig. 4054. 



Picris hieracioides L. Sp. PI. 792. 1753. 



Biennial, more or less hispid, much 

 branched, i-3 high. Leaves lanceolate 

 or oblong-lanceolate, dentate, or nearly en- 

 tire, the basal narrowed into petioles, acute, 

 often 6' long, those of the stem mostly 

 sessile and smaller; heads numerous, l'-l' 

 broad; involucre 4"-6" high, its outer 

 bracts linear, subulate, spreading, the inner 

 linear-lanceolate, acuminate; pappus copious, 

 nearly white. 



In waste places, Illinois, Pennsylvania, New 

 Jersey, and in ballast about the seaports. 

 Adventive from Europe. Native also of Asia. 

 Very bitter. June-Sept. Old name lang-de- 

 beef. 



Type species : 



P. hieracioides. 

 P. echioides. 



2. Picris echioides L. Bristly Ox- 

 tongue. Fig. 4055. 



Picris echinoides L. Sp. PI. 792. 1753. 



Helmintha echinoides Gaertn. Fruct. & Sem. 2: 

 368. 1802. 



Annual or biennial, branched, hispid ; stem 

 about 2i high. Basal and lower leaves spatu- 

 late or oblong, obtuse, repand-dentate, 2-6' 

 long, narrowed into petioles ; upper leaves 

 sessile and clasping, oblong or lanceolate, 

 smaller, the uppermost mainly acute and en- 

 tire ; heads numerous, rather crowded, short- 

 peduncled, about i' broad ; outer bracts of the 

 involucre 4 or 5, foliaceous. ovate, acute, 

 hispid-ciliate, the inner ones lanceolate, mem- 

 branous ; achenes beaked. 



In waste places. Nova Scotia and Ontario to 

 Pennsylvania, and in ballast about the seaports. 

 Also in California. Adventive from Europe. July- 

 Sept. Called also bugloss and bugloss-picris. 



