334 



Ck IloRIACEAE. 



Vol. III. 



16. Hieracium aurantiacum L. Orange or 



Tawny Hawkweed. Golden Mouse-Ear 



Hawkweed. Fig. 4109. 



Hieracium aurantiacum L. Sp. PI. 801. 1753. 



Stoloniferous; stem leafless or rarely with 1 or 

 2 small sessile leaves, hirsute, slender, 6'-2o' high. 

 Basal leaves hirsute, tufted, spatulate or oblong, 

 obtuse, narrowed at the base, entire, or sometimes 

 slightly denticulate, 2-5' long, i'-i' wide; heads 

 several, short-peduncled, corymbose, 7"-l2" broad ; 

 peduncles glandular-pubescent ; involucre 4"-$" 

 high, its bracts linear-lanceolate, acuminate, im- 

 bricated in 2 or 3 series, hirsute and sometimes 

 glandular; flowers orange or red; achenes oblong, 

 truncate; pappus a single row of slender brownish 

 bristles. 



In fields, woods and along roadsides, New Brans- 

 wick and Ontario to New York, New Jersey and 

 Pennsylvania. ^ Naturalized from Europe. Grim-the- 

 collier. Devil's- or Flora's-paint-brush. Red daisy. 

 Missionary-weed. June-Sept. 



23. NABALUS Cass. Diet. Sci. Nat. 34: 94. 1825. 



Perennial, herbs with alternate, mostly petioled, dentate lobed or pinnatifid leaves, or the 

 upper auriculate and clasping, and numerous small heads of ligulate white yellowish or 

 purplish flowers in open or spike-like terminal panicles, or also in axillary clusters, usually 

 drooping. Involucre cylindric, usually narrow, its principal bracts in 1 or 2 series, nearly 

 equal, with a few smaller exterior ones at the base. Receptacle flat, naked. Rays truncate 

 and 5-toothed at the summit. Style-branches slender. Achenes oblong or narrowly columnar, 

 truncate, terete or 4-5-angled, mostly 10-ribbed. Pappus of copious rather rigid simple white 

 to reddish-brown bristles. [Modern Latin, from an Indian name for Rattlesnake-root.] 



About 25 species, natives of America and Asia. Besides the following, two others occur in 

 northwest America and one on the high mountains of North Carolina. Known by the general 

 name of Rattlesnake-root or Drop-flower. Type species : Nabalus trifoliatus Cass. The European 

 and African genus Prenanthes L. is here regarded as distinct from this. 



* Bracts of the involucre glabrous, or with a few scattered hairs. 



Heads 5-7-flowered ; involucre very narrow, light green, 1" thick ; pappus light straw-color or brown. 



1. A*, altissimus. 

 Heads 8-16-flowered ; involucre broader, green, purple or glaucous, i}^"-3" thick. 



Leaves, or some of them, lobed, divided, or pinnatifid (sometimes entire in No. 3) ; involucre 

 subcylindric, about i}4" thick. 

 Pappus deep cinnamon-brown. 2. A*, albus. 



Pappus straw-color or light brown. 

 Inflorescence paniculate. 



Involucral bracts with some stiff hairs, obviously shorter than the pappus ; panicle- 

 branches divergent. 3. AT. serpentarius. 

 Involucral bracts glabrous, equalling the pappus ; panicle-branches ascending, or 

 upcurved. 4. A^. trifoliolatus. 

 Inflorescence thyrsoid or glomerate. 



Leaves palmately lobed or divided ; northern. 5. N. nanus. 



Leaves pinnately lobed or pinnatifid ; southern. 6. A", virgatus. 



Leaves entire or denticulate; plant low, alpine; involucre narrowly campanulate, 2^"-3" thick. 



7. N. Boottii. 



** Bracts of the involucre hirsute-pubescent. 



Inflorescence narrowly thyrsoid; heads 8-16-flowered. 



Leaves and stem rough-puberulent or scabrous. 8. .V. asper. 



Leaves and stem glabrous, glaucous. 9. N. racemosus. 



Inflorescence corymbose-paniculate; heads 20-25-flowered. 10. N. crepidineus. 



