Genus 52. 



THISTLE FAMILY. 



4 6 3 



1. Chrysogonum virginianum L. Chryso- 

 gonum. Fig. 4428. 



Chrysogonum virginianum L. Sp. PI. 920. 1753. 



Chrysogonum virginianum dentatum A. Gray, Bot. 

 Gaz. 7:31. 1S82. 



Perennial by rootstocks or runners, pubescent 

 or hirsute throughout, branched from the base, 

 or at first acaulescent, 3'-I2' high. Leaves ovate or 

 oblong, obtuse or acutish at the apex, the upper 

 sometimes subcordate at the base, dentate or 

 crenate-dentate, rather thin, i'-3' long, i'-z' wide, 

 the basal ones with petioles as long as the blade 

 or longer, those of the upper one shorter; pedun- 

 cles I '-4' long; heads l'-lj' broad; outer bracts 

 of the involucre obtuse or acute; rays about 5, 

 4"-7" long. 



In dry soil, southern Pennsylvania to Florida and 

 Alabama. April-July. 



53. BERLANDIERA DC. Frodr. 5: 517. 1836. 



Perennial canescent or pubescent herbs, with alternate leaves and rather large, peduncled 

 solitary or corymbose heads of both tubular and radiate yellow-flowers. Involucre depressed- 

 hemispheric, its bracts imbricated in about 3 series, the outermost small, mostly oblong, the 

 second series broader, oval or obovate, the inner membranous, similar, reticulated when mature, 

 subtending the ray-flowers and exceeding the disk. Receptacle nearly flat, chaffy, the chaff 

 subtending the disk-flowers. Ray-flowers 5-12, pistillate, fertile. Disk-flowers perfect, tubular, 

 sterile, their corollas S-toothed. Anthers entire, or minutely 2-toothed at the base. Style of 

 the tubular flowers undivided, hirsute. Achenes obovate, compressed, not winged, l-ribbed 

 on the inner side, the pappus obsolete, early deciduous or of 2 caducous awns. [Named 

 after J. L. Berlandier, a Swiss botanical collector in Texas and Mexico.] 



About 8 species, natives of the southern United States and Mexico. 

 lexana DC. 



Stem leafy ; leaves ovate to oblong, crenate. 



Plant acaulescent, or nearly so ; leaves lyrate-pinnatifid. 



Type species : Berlandiera 



1. B. texana. 



2. B. lyrata. 



i. Berlandiera texana DC. Texan 

 Berlandiera. Fig. 4429. 



Berlandiera texana DC. Prodr. 5: 517. 1836. 



Hirsute-pubescent throughout; stem erect, 

 branched above, or simple, 2-3 high, leafy. 

 Leaves ovate, or the basal oblong, crenate, 

 acutish or obtuse at the apex, rounded or 

 cordate at the base, 2'~4' long, l'-z' wide, the 

 upper sessile, the lower petioled ; heads few 

 or several, l'-lj' broad, in a terminal corym- 

 bose-cymose cluster; peduncles \'-\ long; 

 inner bracts of the involucre twice as large 

 as the outer. 



In dry soil, Missouri and Kansas to Arkansas 

 and Louisiana. July-Aug. 



