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Vol.111. 



6. Helianthus scaberrimus Ell. Stiff Sun- 

 flower. Fig. 441 (i 1. 



//. scaberrimus Ell. Bot. S. C. & Ga. 2: 423. 18J4. 

 //. rigidus Dcsf. Cat. Hurl. Paris, Ed. 3, 184. 1829. 



Perennial; stems simple or little branched, hispid 

 or scabrate, i-8 high. Leaves thick, coriaceous, 

 serrate or serrulate, very scabrous on both sides, 2'-j' 

 long, -2' wide, acute at the apex, narrowed at the 

 base, the lower ovate or ovate-oblong, petioled, the 

 upper lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, sessile or short- 

 petiolcd, all opposite, or the uppermost bract-like and 

 alternate ; heads solitary or few. 2 '-3' broad ; invo- 

 lucre hemispheric, its bracts ovate, acute or obtusish, 

 ciliate, appressed ; disk purple or brown ; receptacle 

 convex, its chaff obtuse; rays 15-25, light yellow; 

 achenes more or less pubescent, oblong-obovate ; 

 pappus of 2 broad scales or of 2-4 stout awns. 



Prairies, Illinois to Minnesota, Iowa, Kansas, Georgia 

 and Texas. Aug.-Sept. 



7. Helianthus subrhomboideus Rydb. 

 Rhombic-leaved Sunflower. Fig. 4467. 



Helianthus subrhomboideus Rydb. Mem. N. Y. Bot. 

 Gard. 1 : 419. 1900. 



Stem simple, sparingly hirsute, usually tinged 

 with red. Leaves opposite, firm, very scabrous. 

 3-nerved, slightly serrate, the basal ones broad- 

 ly ovate to obovate-spatulate, those of the 

 stem rhomboid-ovate to rhomboid-lanceolate, 

 short-petioled, 2-4' long, the uppermost very 

 small; heads 1-3, l'-lf in diameter; bracts 

 of the involucre oblong, acutish, densely white- 

 ciliate; disk purple. 



Plains, Manitoba and Saskatchewan to South 

 Dakota, Nebraska, Montana and New Mexico. 

 Adventive, New Jersey to New Hampshire. July- 

 Sept. Included in H. scaberrimus in our first 



edition. 



8. Helianthus occidentalis Riddell. 

 Sunflower. Fig. 4468. 



Few-leaved 



1S36. 



H. occidentalis Ridd. Suppl. Cat. Ohio PI. 13. 

 H. illinoensis Gleason, Ohio Nat. 5: 214. 1904. 

 H. occidentalis illinoensis Gates, Bull. Torr. Club 37: 81. 

 191 o. 



Perennial; stems appressed-pubescent or sometimes 

 nearly glabrous, slender, mostly simple, i-3 high. 

 Leaves mostly basal, or below the middle of the stem, 

 firm, ovate or oblong-lanceolate, obtuse or obtusish at 

 the apex, narrowed at the base, 3-5-nerved, serrulate 

 or entire, scabrous above, pubescent beneath, with 

 slender petioles about as long as the blades; stem usu- 

 ally bearing 1 or 2 pairs of small distant leaves; heads 

 several or solitary, 1Y-2Y broad; involucre hemi- 

 spheric, its bracts lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acute 

 or acuminate, generally ciliate, appressed; receptacle 

 convex, its chaff acute; disk yellow; rays 12-15; 

 achenes truncate and pubescent at the summit; pappus 

 of 2 lanceolate-subulate awns. 

 In dry soil, Ohio to Minnesota, south to Florida and Missouri. Aug.-Sept. 

 Helianthus Dowellianus M. A. Curtis, which differs in being stouter, the stem leafy, the leaves 



merely puberulent, and ranges from the District of Columbia to Georgia, appears to be a race 



of this species. 



