132 CUBA AND PORTO RICO 



southern side of the island except Don Tmiias Terry's es- 

 tate, owned a charming Italian villa on a point just opposite 

 and below ( inantanamo. He bad an avenue running up 

 from the seaside to his residence, nearly a mile in Length, 

 laid down in shells, and shaded on either side by a growth 

 of lime- and lemon-trees for the eutire distance. Don 

 Emilio deRivas, another very rich sugar- and coffee-planter, 

 owned a superb old mansion on the heights just above, and 

 to the southward of Guantanamo, in which were three 

 hundred acres of coffee-bushes, shaded and covered by 

 groves of lemon-trees. His annual income from fruit and 

 coffee grown here averaged for over ten years from thirty- 

 five to forty thousand dollars in gold. 



From Guantanamo to Cape Mayci, the eastern point of 

 the island, and thence westward along the northern side to 

 the mouth of the Yumuri of Santiago, one sees no sign of 

 human habitation, except a few huts around the solitary 

 lighthouse on the point of the island. From the Yumuri 

 westward to where the fin-like string of keys join the main- 

 land are to be seen some of the quaintest and certainly 

 oldest places in America, the principal of which in sailing 

 westward are Baracoa, Nipe, Banes, Gibara, Padre, and 

 Nuevitas. These are all antique and interesting places, 

 possessing many old ruins and fortifications. 



Baracoa, the most eastern port of the north coast of the 

 island, is of historic interest, inasmuch as it is one of the 

 oldest continuous settlements of the New World, having 

 been settled by Diego Columbus, the son of Christopher, in 

 the year 1514. The inhabitants they are seven thousand 

 in number still point with pride to the ruins of his house. 

 It will also go down in history as the point near which, 

 on February 20, 1895, Antonio Maceo and his valiant 

 band of nineteen followers, by a most daring and success- 

 ful landing, started the present revolution, and from which 

 within a year's time he marched to the western extremity 

 of the island. 



The town is situated on a projecting tongue of elevated 



