FAHAY AND MARKLE: GADIFORMES 



269 



Table 73. Continued. 



Family 

 genu'. 



Pollachius 

 Theragra 



Tnsoplerus 



Merlucciidae 



Lyconus 



Macruronus 



Merluccius 



Weiss, 1974 



Russell, 1976 



Coombs and Hiby, 1979 



de Ciechomski and Booman, 1981 



Lisovenko et al., 1982 



Mcintosh, 1893 



Gorbunova, 1954 



Matarese et al., 1981 



Mcintosh, 1893 



Schmidt, 1905a, 1906a 



Ehrenbaum. 1905-1909 



D'Ancona, 1933a 



Rass, 1949 



Russell, 1976 



None 



None 



Aggassiz and Whitman, 1885 



Raffaelle, 1888 



Schmidt, 1907a 



Ehrenbaum, 1905-1909 



Kuntzand Radcliffe, 1917 



D'Ancona, 1933a 



Ahlstrom and Counts, 1955 



Miller, 1958 



Fischer, 1959 



Marak, 1967 



Sauskan and Serebryakov, 1968 



Santander and de Castillo, 1969 



Colton and Marak, 1969 



de Ciechomski and Weiss, 1974 



Russell, 1976 



Brownell, 1979 



Markleetal., 1980 



Fahay, 1983 



' No adull specimens. 



' May refer to Svetovidovia. a larval stage name, 

 ' Illustration only 



* No published descnptions Mead ( 1 963) reports collection of 1 5 larvae, 9.0 to 66.0 mm SL (MCZ 43083). 

 ' Name applied to lar\'al stage Referred to Coryphaenotdes acrolepts by Johnsen (1927). 

 ^ Name applied to larval stage Probably Nezunita (Marshall and Iwamoto. 1973). 



' Ehrenbaum's "Macrtindae" plate (hg. 108) illustrates a Mauroltcus egg, a Lophius larva, a percifonn larva possibly referrabte to Carangidae or Serranidae and a 92-mm macround larva 

 resembling Krohntti^ 

 " Possibly referrable to Atlantic specimen of Mesobnts (see Hubbs and Iwamoto, 1977). 



identification by process of elimination anci its identity must 

 await further study. One of the most elongate of the known 

 macrouind larvae is that of Odontomacrurus murrayi (Maul and 

 Koefoed, 1 950). Among these elongate types there is a tendency 

 for caudal spotting, either as supranal melanophores(Fig. 141 A) 

 or as midlateral spots or bars (Fig. 14 IB). With development, 

 there is a marked change in mouth orientation from oblique to 

 almost horizontal in the elongate Mesohius herryi (Hubbs and 

 Iwamoto, 1977) (Fig. 142C) and in Coryphaenoides (Stein, 

 1980b). 



Known macround larvae can be characterized by their mod- 

 erate (Gadomus) to very elongate tail, lack of caudal fin and 

 moderate to very elongate pectoral fin peduncle. Some adult 

 diagnostic characters (Table 75), such as numbers of branchio- 

 stegal rays and retia mirabilia are present early and are crucial 

 to identification (Merrett, 1978; Stein, 1980b), while others, 

 such as dorsal spine serrations, develop late and cannot be used 

 (Merrett, pers. comm., and unpublished observations). Addi- 



tional characters (the interspace between dorsal fins, anterior 

 extent of anal fin origin, the position of fin origins relative to 

 centra or myomeres, the relative size and shape of pectoral fin 

 peduncles and larval pigmentation) are not known or not re- 

 ported, but appear to offer promise in characterizing groups of 

 larval macrourids (see Table 75 and Figs. 140, 141A-B and 

 I42C). 



Steindachneriidae.— Steindachneria was aligned with the ma- 

 crourids in early works (Jordan and Evermann, 1896-1900), 

 with merlucciids by Norman ( 1 966), Marshall ( 1 966b) and Nel- 

 son ( 1976), and as a separate family (Marshall and Cohen, 1 973). 

 Eggs are not known and larvae have not previously been de- 

 scribed although Mead (1963) mentions specimens, 9.0 to 66.0 

 mm SL (MCZ 43083). An early planktonic juvenile was avail- 

 able and is illustrated in Fig. 142B-C. Noteworthy features are 

 the distinctive striated photogenic organs on the ventral surface 

 of the gut (Cohen, 1964a), genital papilla and orifice separated 



