BERTELSEN: CERATIOIDEI 



331 



_1 L_ 



Fig. 1 70. Ceratioid larvae. Oneirodidae. (A) Oneirodes sp., female, 8 mm; (B) Dolopichthys sp., male, 5.4 mm; (C) Chaenophryne draco gr., 

 female, 4.0 mm; (D) Chaenophryne longiceps. female, 5.5 mm; (E) Pentherkhlhys sp., female, 10.6 mm; (F) Microlophkhthys Tmkrolophus, 

 female, 9.0 mm. (All from Bertelsen, 1951.) 



proposed by Richard Rosenblatt (quoted by Moser, 1981). In 

 females the changed conditions have led to extreme specializa- 

 tions of the luring and feeding mechanisms at the expense of 

 their swimming ability, while in the males this has induced 

 different specializations in their attachment mechanisms and 

 sense organs and a development into more streamlined and 

 efficient swimmers. 



The present division of the Ceratioidei into families is based 

 mainly on revisions by Regan (1912a. 1926) and Regan and 

 Trewavas (1932). Some changes have been introduced by Ber- 

 telsen (1951) and Pietsch (1972) resulting in the present rec- 

 ognition of the 1 1 families listed in Table 89. 



The phylogenetic relationships between the families of the 



Ceratioidei are still uncertain. The main reason for this is that 

 most of the derived osteological characters shared by two or 

 more families are reduction states or loss of parts following the 

 general trend mentioned above and similarities in such char- 

 acters may in many cases represent convergent developments. 

 At the same time most of the diagnostic family characters which 

 represent new structures or specialization of organs are auta- 

 pomorphic (and for this reason not included in Table 89). The 

 more conspicuous of these are: an extreme prolongation of dor- 

 sal and anal rays of Caulophrynidae; a dense cover of large 

 papillae on snout and chin of female Himantolophidae; a hyoid 

 barbel in larvae and juveniles of both sexes of Centrophrynidae; 

 photophore-bearing. modified dorsal fin rays (caruncles) in fe- 



