WASHINGTON ET AL.: SCORPAENIFORMES 



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Fig. 222. Larvae of Scorpaenidae. (A) Ponlmus Type A. 8.0 mm SL (from Moser et al., 1977); (B) Scorpaena Type A, 8.0 mm SL (ibid.); (C) 

 Scorpaenodes xyris, 6.2 mm SL (ibid.); (D) Sebastotobus sp. 7.7 mm SL (ibid.); (E) Ectreprosebasies imus. (s.l mm SL (ibid.). 



anterior to the caudal fin, and on the distal and proximal regions 

 of the pectoral fin blade (Fig. 221). Head spine formation is 

 similar to that of Sebastes species which have full larval com- 

 plements, except that spines are lacking on the 2nd infraorbital 

 bone and the cleithrum. 



Scorpaeninae. — Larval stages are known for only 3 of the 15 

 genera in this subfamily; a total of 8 species (or generic types) 



out of about 150 have been described (Table 107; see Sparta, 

 1956b and Moser et al., 1977, for major reviews). Hatching 

 occurs at about 2.0 mm or less; newly-hatched larvae have a 

 large elliptical yolk sac, unpigmented eyes, pectoral fin buds, 

 and lack a mouth. The finfold is inflated and, along with the 

 body skin, forms a balloon-like envelope that is attached prin- 

 cipally at the snout and pectoral regions (Orton, 1955d). Cell- 

 like granulations cover the entire envelope but are concentrated 



