BIOLOGY AND HUMAN WELFARE 



391 



by microscopic organisms. It is hard to realize that so recently as 

 1884, Koch, probably the greatest successor of Pasteur, proved 

 that tuberculosis is caused by a specific type of Bacteria, and 

 thereby revolutionized the treatment of this disease which has 

 been estimated to cause about one-seventh of all the deaths in the 

 world each year. 



Only second in importance to the prevention of diseases of Man 

 that are due to microorganisms, is the suppression of diseases of 



E2ET3KSS 



DCS 



W -JLL .JIW.-T'WW V WMW^S 



COMMON EPIDEMIC 

 DISEASES 



Note Recent \tBrcWliertMcj Pbic Causes 

 were Established 





AnthraX (Splenic foer) I 876 



Asiatic Cholera 1883 



Bubonic Plague 1894 



Diphtheria J884 



icAntitofin discovered 1890) 



Dysentery 1898 



Glanders 1882 



Gonorrhea , J879 



infantile Paralysis 1909 



influenza i892 



Leprosy 1892 



Malaria isso 



(Transmission by Mosquitoes 

 established 1897) 



% Malta Fever 1887 



' Meningitis 1887 



Pneumonia 1884 



Relapsing fever 1873 



Syphilis 1905 



TC13.WS (focl?/aw) 1889 



Tuberculosis i884 

 Typhoid Fever 1884 



(Immunizing Vaccine 

 established 1896) 



Yellow Fever 



(Transmission by Mosquitoes 

 t established iqoo) 



A 



Several fevers are transmitted, by lice or other insects - 

 bubonic plague by rats, ana sleeping sickness 

 by the tsetse fly. 'This Knowledge has shown how 

 to prevent the spread, op' these diseases. 



Council on Medical Education and Hospitals 

 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 



LA£1.'1^..»2k V ".SJ* *. 



y».*s*>fca!*3»*s>*«BU*.-;:s- «>*,•*!>-. 



.iWr^Ttiayr-ttwaw 



domestic animals. For example, the Chief of the Bureau of Animal 

 Industry estimates that the Bacteria which produce infectious 

 abortion in Cattle are responsible for an animal loss of approxi- 

 mately fifty million dollars each year in the United States. And 

 the study of this disease is proving of increasing significance from 

 the recognition that undulant fever in Man is caused by a member 

 of the same group of Bacteria — an excellent instance of how 

 knowledge leads to further knowledge. 



Indeed, the way interlocking data from several biological fields 

 are frequently necessary to determine the causative agent of a 



