THEORY OF LIFE 143 



2. These properties must be generic, since dual- 

 systems of great variety may result. 



3. The generic properties of this specific quantity 

 (the Z-system) must be rated quantitatively; that is, 

 the individual dual-systems would exhibit likeness 

 of fundamental properties, but would also show 

 great quantitative differences of them. 



It has appeared from the first that the Z-system 

 is dynamic. It organizes the Y-system; but in turn 

 it is modified by the Y-system. It maintains the dual- 

 system as such; for on its separation from the Y- 

 system the dual-system collapses — the Y-system 

 showing none of the properties of the dual-system, 

 but only those of a material system that would 

 exhibit minor peculiarities of a chemical character 

 not found in matter that has not been thus organized. 



The energies of the dual-system, complicated 

 values almost immediately after the formation of 

 the dual system, become extremely complicated, 

 multiplying with each succeeding reaction. 



However, two general facts stand out: 



1. The sameness of factors and units of values. 

 The sameness of all those quantities and values that 

 have been determined in the study of the electron 

 and matter. The value of the charge of the electron 

 (e), and of Planck's element of action (/i) is always 

 the same. All work, heat, radiation, etc., can be 



