DENDROLOGY. 



189 



JUNIPERUS. 



DioDcia Monadelphia. Linn. Coniferae. Juss. Expectorant, scccmant, 



stimulant. 



Red Cedar. Juniperus virginiana. 



The Red Cedar, which 

 belongs to the Junipers, is 

 the most common species of 

 its genus in the United States, 

 and the only one which at- 

 tains such dimensions as to be 

 useful in the arts. In some 

 parts of the United States it 

 is improperly called Savin. 

 Cedar Island in Lake Cham- 

 plain, in latitude 44 25', 

 may be- assumed as one of 

 the remotest points at which 

 it is found towards the north. 

 Eastward on the border of 

 the sea, it is not found beyond 

 the river Kennebec, from 

 which it spreads without interruption to the Cape of Florida and 

 thence round the Gulf of Mexico to a distance beyond St. 

 Bernard's Bay ; an extent of more than 3000 miles. In retiring 

 from the shore it becomes gradually less common and less 

 vigorous, and in Virginia and the more southern states it is rare 

 at the point where the tide ceases to flow in the rivers ; farther 

 inland it is seen only in the form of a shrub in open, dry and 

 sandy places. In the Western States it is confined to spots 

 where the calcareous rock shows itself naked, or is so thinly 

 covered with mould as to forbid the vegetation of other trees. 



In situations where the soil and climate are favorable to the 

 expansion of this tree, it grows to the height of 40 or 45 feet, with 

 a diameter of 1 2 or 13 inches. The most striking peculiarity in 



TLATE XLVL 

 Fig. 1. A branch with leaves and fruit. 



