DENDROLOGY. 



309 



The wood of this tree is fine-grained, more compact, heavier 

 and stronger than that of the white elm. The heart is of a dull 

 red approaching to chocolate color, and always bears a large 

 proportion to the sap. In South Carolina, it is employed for the 

 naves of coach wheels, and is preferred for this object, to the 

 tupelo, as being harder and tougher ; but it is appropriated to no 

 other particular use. 



White Elm. Ulmiis americana. 



This tree which is known 

 throughout the United States 

 by the name of White Elm, 

 is found over an extensive 

 tract of North American 

 continent. Towards the 

 north it is first seen in about 

 the latitude of 48 20', near 

 the mouth of the river Mis- 

 tassin, which empties into 

 Lake St. John in Canada. 

 It is abundantly multiplied 

 from Nova Scotia to the 

 extremity of Georgia, at a 

 distance of 1200 miles. It 

 is found also on banks of 

 all the rivers of the Western 

 States. But it appears to be the most multiplied and of the 

 loftiest height between the 42d and 46th degrees of latitude, 

 which comprises the provinces of Lower Canada, New Brunswick 

 and Nova Scotia, the New England States and Genessee in the 

 state of New York. This tree delights in low, humid, substantial 

 soils, such as in the Northern States are called interval lands. 

 In the Middle States it grows in similar situations, and on the 

 borders of swamps. West of the mountains it abounds in all the 

 fertile bottoms watered by the great rivers that swell the Ohio 

 and the Mississippi, where it attains superior dimensions. 



plate xcix. 



Fig. 1. A leaf. Fig. 2. The seed. 



