ARBORICULTURE. 337 



to most perfection in such as is light and sandy. The seeds 

 should be sown in March or April, on a bed of light earth. 



Tilia. This genus will nourish in almost any kind of soil, if 

 moderately damp. The seeds should be sown in autumn, in a 

 shady border of moist, light soil ; but the usual mode of 

 propagation is by layers. 



Of the Nursery and Plantation. 



The following are essential points to be considered in establishing 

 an effective nursery : fencing, shelter, aspect, soil and management. 

 The fence of a forest-tree nursery requires to be rahbit proof, or 

 loss and disappointment are almost certain to follow. A foundation 

 of brick work should be made for a superstructure of close paling. 

 Where shelter is not an object, a very cheap and excellent 

 substitute is found in iron wire netting, which is manufactured for 

 the general purposes of fences to young plants. Shelter is 

 indispensable to the free growth of seedling plants, the injurious 

 consequences resulting from sudden checks,- as also the bad 

 effects of confined air to the health and prosperity of trees in 

 every stage of growth ; and therefore, at the same time that a 

 full protection against cold, bleak winds and unfavorable aspects 

 is necessary, a full and free circulation of atmospheric air must 

 be secured, to allow of a well-grounded hope of success. 



The soil of the nursery must be of an intermediate quality as 

 to moisture and dryness, not less than eighteen inches deep to 

 the subsoil, and under a south, east or west exposure, or 

 intermediate points of these. The varieties of soil required for 

 particular kinds of trees will have to be supplied where the 

 natural soil is deficient. 



Management, This head comprehends an ample degree of 

 practical skill in the superintendant and workmen ; the erection 

 of proper sheds, the means of carriage for composts, soils, plants, 

 etc., immediately when needed. A quantity of compost and 

 different soils should alwavs be in readiness when wanted for the 

 seedling beds, layer stools, and cutting beds, and a proper 

 assortment of nursery garden tools, which shall be specified 



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