394 



SYLVA AMERICANA. 



Serrulate, Minutely serrate. 



Sessile, Sitting down ; placed imme- 

 diately on the main stem without a 

 foot stalk. 



Shaky, shakes, The fissures, cracks or 

 longitudinal openings often found in 

 the timber of trees which have suf- 

 fered from injudicious culture and 



ungenial i 



Sheath, A tubular or folded leafy 

 portion including within it the stem. 



Shoot, Each tree and shrub sends 

 forth annually a large shoot in the 

 spring, and another in June. 



Shrub, A plant with a woody stem, 

 branching out nearer the ground 

 than a tree, usually smaller. 



Sinus, A bay ; applied to the plant, a 

 rounded cavity in the edge of the 

 leaf or petal. 



Slivery, Small, straight shoots of large 

 ash, etc., cleft into hoops for the 

 purposes of the cooper. 



Spatula, A slice. 



Species, The lowest division of vege- 

 tables. 



Specific, Belonging to a species only. 



Spike, A kind of inflorescence in 

 which the flowers are sessile, or 

 nearly so; as in the mullein, or wheat. 



Spine, A thorn or sharp process grow- 

 ing from the wood. 



Spiral, Twisted like a screw. 



Sprig of wood, In some instances 

 understood as the branches of a tree. 



Spur, A sharp hollow projection from 

 a flower, commonly the nectary. 



Squamosus, Scaly. 



Stamen, That part of the flower on 

 which the artificial classes are 

 founded. 



Staminate, Having stamens without 

 pistils. 



Standard, The shoots of a coppice 

 stool, selected from those cut down 

 as underwood to remain 

 poles or timber trees. 



Stem, The body of a tree in all its 

 stages of growth, from a seedling to 

 that of a full-grown tree. 



Sterile, Barren. 



Stigma, The summit, or top of the 

 pistil. 



Stipe, The stem of a fern, or fungus ; 

 also the stem of the down of seeds, 

 as in the dandelion. 



Stipule, A leafy appendage, situated 

 at the base of petioles, or leaves. 



Stomachic, Strengthening to the stom- 

 ach ; exciting the action of the 

 stomach. 



for large 



Stool, The root of a tree which has 

 been left, in the ground ; the produce 

 of auother tree, or shoot for saplings, 

 underwood, etc. 



Striated, Marked with fine parallel 

 lines. 



Stub, See Stool. 



Style, That part of the pistil which is 

 between the stigma and the germ. 



Styptic, That stops bleeding ; having 

 the quality ofrestraining hemorrhage. 



Subsessile, Almost sessile. 



Succulent, Juicy ; it is also applied to 

 a pulpy leaf, whether juicy or not. 



Sucker, Properly the young plants 

 sent up by creeping-rooted trees, as 

 in the poplar, elm, etc. These 

 suckers are oftentimes very trouble- 

 some, under the circumstance of 

 their often appearing in lawns, or 

 grass fields near a mansion. The 

 term sucker is also applied in some 

 places, to denote the side shoots 

 from a stool or stub. 



Sudorific, Causing sweat; exciting per- 

 spiration. 



Sulcute, Furrowed ; marked with deep 

 lines. 



Superior, A calyx or corolla, is supe- 

 rior, when it proceeds from the upper 

 part of the germ. 



Synopsis. A condensed view of a sub- 

 ject or science. 



Sylvestris, Growing in woods. 



Tannin, The astringent substance con- 

 tained in vegetables, particularly in 

 the bark of the oak and chesnut, 

 and in gall nuts. 



Tap root, The first root produced by 

 the seed of a tree, which descends 

 at first perpendicularly into the earth, 

 and supports the plant until the 

 proper leaves are produced, which, 

 in their turn, assist in the production 

 of fibres or proper roots. 



Tegument, The skin or covering of 

 seeds; often bursts off on boilin 

 in the pea. 



Temperature, The degree of heat and 

 cold to which any place is subject, 

 not wholly dependant upon latitude, 

 being affected by elevation ; the 

 mountains of the torrid zone produce 

 the plants of the frigid zone. In 

 cold regions, white and blue petals 

 are more common; in warm regions, 

 red and other vivid colors ; in the 

 spring we have more white petals, 

 in the autumn more yellow ones. 



Tendril, A filiform or thread-like 



g, as 



