76 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. 



PRELIMINARY NOTES ON TERATOLOGICAL FORMS OF TRIL- 

 LIUM GRANDIFLORUM (MX.) SALISB. 



BY CHARLES A. DAVIS, ALMA. 



(Read before the Academy, Dec. 27, 1S95.) 



[Abstract.] 



Teratological forms of this plant are very common in Michigan, al- 

 though references to them in literature are mainly confined to short notes 

 in various botanical journals. The most common change found is -a 

 striping of green in the otherwise white petals. This is usually accom- 

 panied by elongation of the petioles of the leaves, the peduncle of the 

 flower, and a lessening of the amount of pollen in the anthers, and al- 

 most universally by a more or less complete atrophy of the pistil, which 

 commonly contains no ovules, even where there is a very slight green 

 line in the petals. Doubling of the parts, reversion of the stamens and 

 pistils to green leaves, suppression of the foliage leaves, elongation of 

 the petioles and peduncle so that they arise from the rootstock, occur- 

 rence of whorls of two or four leaves in all the parts of the plants, change 

 of color in the sepals so that a double white flower was produced, change 

 of color in the white petals to green, conversion of ovules to green leaf- 

 like bodies, were noted. No definite conclusion as to the probable 

 cause of these changes has been reached. 



Abstract of a more complete paper bv the author is to be found in 

 proceedings of the A. A. A. S., Vol. XLVI, p. 271, 1897. 



A NEW SCIENCE,— THAT OF SANITATION. 



BY HENRY B. BAKER. 

 (Presented to the Michigan Academy of Science, Dec. 27, 1S93. ) 



This paper does not relate to any of the prominent sciences which go 

 to make up sanitary science, such branches of knowledge, for instance, 

 as bacteriology, and the germ theory of disease, now well established. 

 It is limited to a branch not heretofore accepted as a science, but only 

 as an art, the art of sanitation. In recent years what was formerly called 

 hygiene, authors have called sanitary science. Some have adhered to 

 the old term, — hygiene, but have claimed that it has come to be a 

 science, including several branches, bacteriology, climatology, etc. 



A quarter of a century ago hygiene was defined as ''The art of preserv- 

 ing health."* Not long ago, in the opening lecture of the course on 

 military hygiene, in the U. S. Army Medical School in Washington, D. 

 C. Dr. Smart has said: "Hygiene is the science of health. It was called 

 by Prof. Parkes the art of preserving health; but since he wrote the 

 introduction to his classical work, hygiene has been developed, by study 



*First sentence of the introduction to "A Manual of Practical Hygiene, - ' etc., by Edmund A 

 Parkes. 



