INSTITUTE AND COLLEGE, PUSA, FOR 1907-09. ^5 



(b) Introduction of Superior Indigenous Varieties 

 AND Beter Methods of Cultivation. — ^There has been a 

 marked extension of this line of work, especially in Bombay 

 and Madras. The introduction of Broach cotton into the 

 Dharwar district has been attended with considerable 

 success. This cotton is superior to the locally grown 

 Katrifta variety not only in quality, but also apparently in 

 average yield per acre and in lint percentage. In 1908 

 sixteen thousand pounds seed of Broach cotton from 

 Navsari were sown in these parts in addition to some of the 

 seed of this crop grown locally in 1907. Steps are being 

 taken to get the people to cultivate it properly and to adopt 

 a cleaner system of picking. Some efforts were made to 

 introduce Broach cotton under irrigation in the Deccaii, 

 but owing to faulty cultivation and irrigation on the part 

 of the cultivators, the experiments were not successful. 

 Attempts have been made to improve the quality of Broach 

 cotton in northern Gujarat by introducing seed of the 

 superior Navsari variety from the south of the district. 

 In the Tinnevelly district of Madras the karungani variety 

 has been found to be superior in quality and yield to the 

 uffam variety. Arrangements were, therefore, made by 

 the provincial department to sell pure karungani seed 

 sufficient to sow about 8,000 acres in 1908. This work was 

 partly helped by the grant from the British Cotton Grow- 

 ing Association. The Madras Agricultural Department 

 has also made successful efforts to improve the ryots' me- 

 thods of cotton cultivation. Expert cultivators are sent to 

 teach the use of the country drill and bullock-hoe and to 

 demonstrate the value of improved cultivation. Imple- 

 ments are supplied free of cost and expert labourers are 

 sent to help the growers. The advantages of the drill are 

 becoming widely appreciated, and in all 1,000 acres of 

 private land were sown with the drill last year, and many 

 ryots have learned to use the drill. 



(c) Hybridization.-— Experiments in hybridization were 

 continued at several centres. They have brought to light 



