REPORT OF THE EORTICUTIBI^T 27 



SESSIONAL PAPER No. 16 



3. The chief cause of late-keeping varieties being tendes is believed to be that 

 ■;he wood does not ripen thoroughly in the autumn. An early ripening apple means an 

 early ripening tree, and a late keeping apple usually indicates a tree which does not 



.mature its wood early, and in places where the climate is si:*iilar to what it is at 

 Ottawa, does not ripen its wood sufficiently to withstand the severe weather. 



4. There are some trees, the wood of which ripens early and the fruit is ready for 

 use early in the winter, but keeps all winter. We believe that it is varieties such as 

 these which will give the best satisfaction as winter apples in the colder parts of 

 Ontario and Quebec. The Milwaukee is an apple of this class, and while the quality 

 of this variety is much like Duchess and more suitable for cooking than for eating, 

 we see no reason why other hardy varieties of the best dessert quality which will keep 

 all winter should not be produced from trees originated in Canada. 



' Some of the Russian apples appear to be hardier than any apples of American 

 origii'i, and have been the means of extending the culture of this fruit to Southern 

 Manitboa. They are mostly summer and fall varieties, but a few of them will keep 

 well into the winter. Some of the hardiest Eussi an apples tested in this country, in 

 order of ripening, are: Blushed Calville, Lowland Raspberry, Beautiful Arcade 

 (sweet), Charlamoff, Duchess, Antonovka, Anis, Anisim, Hibernal. Other useful 

 kinds, though not quite so hardy as the above, are Yellow Transparent, Red Astrachan, 

 Alexander. 



VARIETIES OF APPLES RECOMMENDED FOR THE PROVINCES OF ONTARIO AND QUEBEC. 



The following varieties of apples are recommended for the provinces of Ontario 

 and Quebec : This list is based on the experience at Ottawa during the past nineteen 

 years, and the information obtained by visiting orchards in various parts of the country 

 and by correspondence. This list is substantially the same as that recommended in 

 the Bulletin on Apple Culture, published by the writer : — 



Recommended for the Milder Parts of Ontario. 



Summer. — Yellow Transparent, Red Astrachan, Duchess. 



Autumn. — Gravenstein, Wealthy, Alexander. 



Early Winter. — Fameuse, Mcintosh, Blenheim, King, Hubbardston, Greening. 



Winter. — Baldwin, Northern Spy, Ontario, Stark. 



Additional Varieties Suggested for Home Use. 



Summer. — Primate, Sweet Bough. 



Autumn. — Chenango. 



Winter. — Wagener, Swayzie, Tolman. 



Recommended for the Colder Parts of Ontario South of Latitude 1^6°, and for Quehec 



South of Latitude 46°. 



Summer. — Yellow Transparent, Duchess. 

 Autumn. — Wealthy, Alexander. 

 Early Winter. — Fameuse, Mcintosh, Wolf River. 



Winter. — Scott Winter, Milwaukee, North-western (Greening), Baxter, Canada 

 Baldwin, La Victoire, and in the more favoured localities, American Golden Russet. 



Additional Varieties Suggested for Home Use. 



Summer. — Lowland Raspberry, Early Joe, Laugiord Beauty, Dyer (Pomme 

 Boyale.) 



Autumn. — St. Lawrence. 



Winter. — Swayzie, Grimes (Golden.') 



