REPORT OF THE HORTICUTURIST 35 



SESSIONAL PAPER No. 16 



ing and eight years after planting averaged only 5 feet 6 inches in height. Most of 

 these trees produced fruit of inferior quality, some being bitter, and others very acid. 

 Two, however, were quite, promising and have been propagated, but are very slow in 

 growing. These low growing cherries may prove very useful in the north as they are 

 jTrotected to some extent with snow. When there is little snow the fruit buds arc 

 killed as is the case with other cherries. 



VARIETIES OP MORELLO CHERRIES RECOMMENDED FOR THE PROVINCES OF ONTARIO AND QUEBEC. 



For the colder parts of Ontario and for Quebec: Orel 25, Vladimir, Minnesota 

 Ostheim, Cerise d'Ostheim. 



For Ontario except the colder parts: Orel 25, Orel 2-i, Early Richmond, Mont- 

 morency, English Morello. 



PROPAGATING CHERRIES ON HARDY STOCK. 



It was soon found that the Mazzard and Mahaleb stocks used in the trade for 

 cherries are too tender for the Ottawa district as many trees were root-killed, hence 

 hardier stocks were tried, the Bird or Pin Cherry — Prunus pennsylvanica—hcing used 

 for this purpose. Experiments with Bird Cherry were begun in 1892 and have been 

 continued since. It has been found that the cultivated cherries will make a good 

 union with Bird Cherry. Better results are obtained from budding than from grafting, 

 and crown grafting has given better results than root grafting. The Bird Cherry 

 starts growth very early in the spring and if grafted the work must be done early. 

 The Bird Cherry may not be a desirable stock in commercial work as not as large a 

 percentage of buds or grafts take as on Mazzard or Mahaleb stock, but where hardy 

 roots are desired it is a good stock to use. 



Sand Cherry has also been tried as a stock for the cultivated cherry, but the union 

 proved poor and it is of no value for this purpose. 



Whitewashing Cherry Trees to Frotecl Fruit Buds. 



As the fruit buds of cherries were so frequently destroyed, an experiment was tried 

 in April, 1899, by whitewashing the trees to retard the swelling of the buds, as it had 

 been found by other experimenters that whitewash would retard the swelling of peach 

 buds and prevent injury to the bud by spring frosts. There was a decided retarda- 

 tion of the buds due to the whitewiash, but there was no blossom on either sprayed or 

 unsprayed trees, showing that the' injury to the buds was done before they were sprayed 

 and before they started to swell, as the buds were still dormant when sprayed. 



GRAPES. 



Grapes are grown with good success at Ottawa, although all the varieties which 

 ripen in the best grape districts do not mature here. There are 260 named varieties 

 growing in the vineyard at the Central Experimental Farm, and the largest number of 

 kinds which have ripened in any one year is 130. In the most unfavourable seasons 

 about 30 varieties ripen, and if growers in districts where the climate is similar to 

 that at Ottawa would limit themselves to the earliest kinds they could have ripe grapes 

 every year. A number of seedlings originated at the Central Experimental Farm are 

 fruiting and a few of them are promising. 



The following named varieties of grapes are recommended for the provinces of 

 Ontario and Quebec : 



For Best Grape Districts of Ontario. 



Black. — Moore, Campbell, Worden, Wilder, Concord. 

 Bed. — Delaware, Lindley, Agawam, Vergennes, Catawba. 

 White. — Niagara, Diamond. 



