120. Caprifoliaceae 227 



6. Flowers mostly irregular; fruit a few- to many-seeded berry 



5. Lonicera 



5. Leaves serrate; flowers yellow; fruit a capsule 6. Diervilla 



2. Herbs; flowers axillary; leaves connate or sessile; fruit a drupe 



7. Triosteuni 



1. Sambucus L. — Elder 



1. Inflorescence flat-topped, 10-40 cm broad; fruit black (rarely 

 greenish-yellow) pith white; moist ground along roads, in 

 woods or along streams and lakes, common throughout 111. 

 June-July. Common Elder S. canadensis L. 



1. Inflorescence o\oid, 4-5 cm broad; fruit bright red (rarely yel- 

 low) ; pith brown; moist rocky woods, rare; known from Cook, 

 La Salle, McHenry, and Winnebago counties. Apr. -May. Red 

 Elder [.S". raceniosa sensu auth., non L.] ^S*. pubens Michx. 



2. Viburnum L. — Viburnum 

 1. Leaves not lobed. 



2. Leaves serrate or serrulate, the veins curving and anastomosing 



before reaching the margin; petioles flat or channelled and 



somewhat margined; cymes sessile or nearly so. 



3. Winter-buds scurfy-punctate, usually somewhat glossy; blades 



thin, acute or acuminate. 



4. Blades abruptly acuminate, sharply serrate; wet groimd, 



chiefly in the northern half of the state. May-June. 



Nannyberry V. lentago L. 



4. Blades acute or obtuse at the apex, serrulate with incurved 

 teeth; petioles glabrous or nearly so; moist woods, com- 

 mon. Apr. -June. Blackhaw [V . busliii Ashe] 



V . prunijolium L. 



3. Winter-buds dull, porous, puberulent; blades firm, obtusish; 

 petioles more or less reddish-tomentulose; wooded ra- 

 vines, s. 111., rare. May. Southern Blackhaw 



V . rufidulum Raf. 



2. Leaves coarsely dentate, the veins straight, ending in the teeth; 

 petioles not margined; cymes peduncled. 

 5. Leaves short-petioled, the petioles not more than 1 cm 

 long; blades usually with 7-10 teeth on each side, softly 

 pubescent beneath (or glabrous except on the \eins in 

 var. affine (Bush) House) ; fruit ellipsoid, the stone flat- 

 tened, sulcate on both sides; woods, thicliets, river ban'^s, 

 locally in the northern half of the state. May-June. [V. 

 puhescens sensu auth., non Pursh; L. affine \ar. hypo- 



malacum Blake] L. rafincsquianum Schultes 



5. Leaves longer-petioled, the petioles 1-4 cm long; blades 



usually with 10-20 teeth on eacii side. 



6. Leaves scarcely cordate at base, usually without stipules; 



fruit globose-ovoid, 6-8 mm long, the stone deejily 



sulcate ventrally, the back roimded ; bark not exfoliat- 



