232 American Midland Naturalist Monograph No. 7 



6. Leaves oblanceolate to elliptical, crenate to entire; stem 

 pubescent; pods inflated, wholly inferior; fields or open 

 woods, locally throughout 111. June-Oct. Indian- 

 tobacco L. inflata L. 



123. Valerianaceae Batsch — Valerian Family 



1. Perennial, strong-smelling, mostly tall herbs; some of the leaves pinnately 

 divided; calyx-lobes becoming pappus-Hke; fruit 1-loculed 1. Valeriana 



1. Annual, dichotomously branched low herbs; leaves entire or dentate; 

 sepals minute or lacking; fruit 3-loculed 2. Valerianella 



1. Valeriana L. — Valerian 



1. Corolla 1-2 cm long; basal leaves cordate; stem-leaves thin, with 

 3-7 ovate, toothed leaflets; root fibrous; woods and alluvial 

 banks, chiefly in the southern part of the state, extending north- 

 ward to Vermilion Co. May- June V. pauciflora Michx. 



1. Corolla 4-5 mm long; basal leaves spatulate; stem-leaves pin- 

 nately parted into 3-7 lanceolate or linear divisions; root 

 fusiform; wet ground in the northern counties. May-June. 

 [V. edulis sensu auth., non Nutt.] V. ciliata T. & G. 



2. Valerianella Mill. 



1. Corolla blue, 1.5-2 mm long; bracts ciliate, obtuse; fruits 2-4 

 mm long, laterally compressed, obliquely rhomboidal, wider 

 than long, the dorsal side of the fertile cell with a thick corky 

 mass; waste places and cultivated ground, occasional; introd. 



from Eur. Com-salad [V . locust a (L.) Betcke] 



T'. olitoria (L.) Poll. 



1. Corolla white or pinkish; bracts acute, usually not ciliate; fruit 

 longer than wide; native species. 

 2. Fertile carpel of the fruit narrower than the combined width 

 of the divergent sterile carpels; corolla 3-4 mm long. 

 3. Fruit 3-3.5 mm long, 3 mm wide; sterile carpels divergent, 

 the fruit becoming saucer-shaped; Ottawa, La Salle Co., 

 Skcels V. patcllaria (Sulliv.) Wood 



3. Fruit 2 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide; sterile carpels inflated, 



curved together at the ends, forming a deep cavity; moist 

 ground, not common; Kankakee and La Salle counties. 



May-June V. umbilicata (Sulliv.) Wood 



2. Fertile carpel of the fruit equalling or exceeding the width of 

 the sterile carpels. 



4. Corolla 3-4 mm long, the tube as long as the limb; blades 



of the rosette-leaves oval, abruptly petioled; moist ground 

 in the northern part of the state, not common; Kankakee 

 Co., Hill in 1873; La Salle Co., Greenman, Lansing, & 

 Dixon 134; Joliet, Will Co., Hill in 1907. May- June 

 I', intermedia Dyal 



