240 American Midland Naturalist Monograph No. 7 



2. Leaves linear-lanceolate, puncticulate beneath; inflorescence 

 dense, fastigiate; moist ground, locally throughout 111. July- 

 Aug - V. jasciculata Michx. 



2. Leaves elliptic-lanceolate, puberulent beneath; inflorescence 



loose, the branches spreading; woods, fields, and roadsides 

 throughout 111. July-Oct. [V . altissima var. brevipappa 



Gleason; V. altissima var. taeniotricha Blake] 



V . altissima Nutt. 



1. Leaves usually copiously tomentulose-pubescent beneath, not 

 puncticulate. 



3. Bracts appressed, acute or obtuse; roadsides, pastures, and 



open woods, common. July-Sept. [T^. illinoensis Gleason; 



V. novcboracensis sensu auth., non (L.) Michx.] 



V . missurica Raf. 



3. Bracts with acuminate, squarrose tips; open woods, locally in 

 the southern half of the state. July-Sept V. baldwini Torr. 



6. Elephantopus L. — Elephant's-foot 



E. carolinianus Willd. Sandy soil in woods, and along roads, 

 s. 111., extending northward to Lawrence, Marion, and St. Clair 

 counties. Aug. -Sept. 



Tribe 3. Eupatorieae 



7. Eupatoriuni L. 

 \. Leaves whorled. 



2. Each head with mostly 9-15 flowers; inflorescence flat-topped; 

 moist ground; more frequent in the northern half of the 



state. July-Sept. [E. purpiireum sensu auth., non L.] 



E. maculatum L. 



2. Each head with 5-7 flowers; inflorescence convex. 



3. Stems purple only at the nodes, solid; woods throughout 

 111. July-Aug. Joe-pye Weed [E. trijoliatum, L.; E. fal- 



catum Michx E. purpureum L. 



3. Stems purple throughout, hollow; low wet ground, rare; 



Alexander Co., /. R. Swayne 1152 in 1950 



E. fistulosum, Barratt 



1. Leaves opposite, or the upper alternate. 

 4. Flowers white (rarely purplish) . 



5. Leaves connate-perfoliate, lanceolate, attenuate, crenate- 

 serrate, rugose-reticulate, pubescent beneath; wet ground, 



common. Aug.-Oct. Boneset E. perfoliatum L. 



5. Leaves not connate-perfoliate. 



6. Stem pubescent; leaves lanceolate, 3-nerved, grayish- 

 pubeiiilent. 

 7. Leaves conspicuously petioled, sharply serrate; heads 

 4-6 mm high, 7- to 15-flowered; moist ground, com- 

 mon. Aug.-Oct. Late Boneset E. serotinum Michx. 



