242 American Midland Naturalist Monograph No. 7 



1. Pappus merely barbellate or scabrous; heads numerous in elongate 

 spikes. 

 4. Heads ellipsoid, 3- to 15-flowered. 



5. Rachis of spike crisp-pubescent; bracts ciliate, acute, the 



tips spreading or recurved; prairie soil, common. July- 

 Aug. [L. bebbiana Rydb.] A supposed hybrid with L. 

 squarrosa from Richland Co., has been named L. ridg- 



wayi Standi L. pycnostachya Michx. 



.5. Rachis of spike glabrous; bracts obtuse, appressed; prairies 

 and interdunal flats, locally throughout 111. July-Sept. 



--.. L. spicata (L.) Willd, 



4. Heads hemispherical or campanulate, 15- to 45-flowered; rachis 

 of inflorescence pubescent. 



6. Bracts entirely herbaceous, green, ciliolate, puberulent; 



woods and rocky slopes in s. 111. (Pine Hills: type locality). 



Sept. -Oct - L. scabra (Greene) K. Schum. 



6. Bracts broadly scarious-margined, erose, colored, glabrous; 

 roadsides, prairie soil, and open woods throughout 111. 

 Sept. -Oct. White-flowered plants are occasionally found. 

 \L. spheroidea Michx.; L. scariosa sensu auth., non (L.) 

 Willd.; L. X nieuwlandii (Lunell) Gaiser; L. aspvra var. 

 intermedia (Lunell) Gaiser] L. aspera Michx. 



Tribe 4. Astereae 



11. Grindelia Willd. — Gumweed 



G. squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal. Waste ground, fields, and roadsides, 

 occasional; adv. from western U.S. July-Aug. [G. serrulata Rydb.]. 



12. Gutierrezia Lag. 



G. dracunculuides (DC.) Blake. Broomweed. Dry ground, road- 

 sides, occasional; adv. from the West; known from St. Clair and 

 Tazewell counties. Aug.-Sept. 



l!i. Chrysopsis Nutt. — Golden-aster 



C. catnporiim Greene. Sandy soil in the w. and s. parts of 

 the state. June-Sept. [C. mariana of auth., not (L.) Ell.; C. villosa 

 of auth., not (Pursh) Nutt.] 



14. Heterotheca Cass. 



H. subaxillaris (Lam.) Britt. & Rusby. Waste ground, occasional; 

 Henry and Union counties; adv. from west of the Mississippi R. 



15. Haplopappus Cass. 



H. ciliatus (Nutt.) DC. Fields and roadsides; adv. from western 

 U.S.; Jackson, Montgomery, Greene, and Union counties. Aug.-Sept. 

 [Prionopsis ciliata Nutt.] 



